El Niño Rapid Response (ENRR) Field Campaign: Radiosonde Data (Level 2) from NOAA Ship Ronald H. Brown, 2016-02 to 2016-03 (NCEI Accession 0161527)

This dataset contains radiosonde data from NOAA Ship Ronald H. Brown, collected 16 February to 16 March 2016. These "Level 2" data have been reprocessed using corrected surface observations as initial conditions and then subject to automatic, objective quality control checks. The radiosondes were launched 4 to 8 times per day while the ship sailed from Honolulu, Hawaii to the Tropical Atmosphere Ocean (TAO) buoys along 140°W and 125°W and then to San Diego, California. The data resolution within each sounding is 1 s. The following variables are reported: time since release (UTC); geopotential_height (m); air_pressure (hPa); air_temperature (C); dew_point_temperature (C); relative_humidity (%); eastward_wind (m s-1); northward_wind (m s-1); wind_speed (m s-1); wind_from_direction (degree); latitude (degree_north); longitude (degree_east); altitude (m); upward_platform_speed_wrt_ground (m s-1); geopotential_height status_flag (); air_pressure status_flag (); air_temperature status_flag (); dew_point_temperature status_flag (); wind status_flag (); GPS status_flag ().

During January through March 2016, scientists led by the NOAA/Earth System Research Laboratory's Physical Sciences Division conducted NOAA's El Niño Rapid Response (ENRR) Field Campaign. Its goal was to document the ongoing El Niño episode in great detail, and in ways that could help researchers better understand the ways in which this El Niño affected weather in the United States and the impact of various high-resolution observations on weather forecasts. Intensive observations were collected over the central and eastern Pacific ocean from land, ocean, and airborne platforms during the very strong 2015-2016 El Niño.

本数据集包含搭载于美国国家海洋和大气管理局（NOAA）罗纳德·H·布朗号科考船的无线电探空仪（radiosonde）数据，采集时段为2016年2月16日至3月16日。这批“二级（Level 2）”数据已以订正后的地面观测数据作为初始条件完成再处理，并通过了自动化客观质量控制校验。探空仪每日发射4至8次，科考船航行路线为从夏威夷州火奴鲁鲁出发，沿140°W与125°W经线前往热带大气海洋浮标（Tropical Atmosphere Ocean, TAO）阵位，最终抵达加利福尼亚州圣迭戈。单次探空廓线的数据分辨率为1秒。本次发布的变量包括：释放后计时（协调世界时，UTC）、位势高度（米，m）、大气压强（百帕，hPa）、气温（摄氏度，℃）、露点温度（摄氏度，℃）、相对湿度（%）、东风分量（米每秒，m·s⁻¹）、北风分量（米每秒，m·s⁻¹）、风速（米每秒，m·s⁻¹）、风向（度）、北纬纬度（度）、东经经度（度）、海拔高度（米，m）、平台相对地面的垂直运动速度（米每秒，m·s⁻¹）、位势高度状态标志、大气压强状态标志、气温状态标志、露点温度状态标志、风场状态标志以及GPS状态标志。

2016年1月至3月期间，由美国国家海洋和大气管理局地球系统研究实验室物理科学分部主导的科研团队开展了NOAA厄尔尼诺快速响应（El Niño Rapid Response, ENRR）野外考察计划。该计划的目标是详尽记录当时正在发生的厄尔尼诺事件，并通过相关研究帮助学界更深入理解本次厄尔尼诺对美国天气的影响机制，以及各类高分辨率观测数据对天气预报的作用效果。在2015-2016年超强厄尔尼诺事件期间，研究团队通过陆基、海基以及机载观测平台，在中太平洋与东太平洋海域开展了密集观测。