Systemically administered HMGN1 immunostimulatory peptide with anti-PD-L1 antibody exerts synergistic antitumor effects

In this study, we explore a new combination therapy of anti-PD-L1 antibody with an immunostimulatory peptide derived from an alarmin high mobility group nucleosome binding protein 1 (HMGN1). Combination treatement of HMGN1 immunostimulatory peptide with anti-PD-L1 antibody exerted robust anti-tumor effects in Colon26 subtaneous murine model. To understand transcriptomic differences of immune cell population in the tumor-bearing mice after treated with single-agent or combination therapy of HMGN1 with anti-PD-L1 antibody, we performed transcriptome analysis on tumor tissue using 5’end Serial Analysis of Gene Expression (SAGE)-sequencing with an Ion 540 Chef kit, an Ion 540 Chip kit, and an Ion S5 Sequencer (Thermo Fisher Scientific). The whole transcripts were amplified from total cells of tumor tissue in Colon26-bearing mice and those transcripts were used to generate the 5’end Serial Analysis of Gene Expression (SAGE)-sequencing libraries. The sequencing was performed by using an Ion 540 Chef kit, an Ion 540 Chip kit, and an Ion S5 Sequencer (Thermo Fisher Scientific) according to the manufacturer’s instructions except the input library concentration was 65 pM. .