Snow Wind and Time Project: Automated Weather Station Data, Elson Lagoon, Utqiagvik, AK, November 2016 - June 2017

The insulating and reflective properties of snow substantially influence Arctic sea ice growth and decay. The overwhelming consensus within the scientific community is that the details of snow and sea ice interactions must be better incorporated in Earth System models, yet basic information on snow processes remains poorly quantified. The limited treatment of snow in Earth System models is largely based on datasets from field experiments on multi-year ice and does not capture changing snow properties and processes. Increasingly pervasive younger, thinner ice carries a different snowpack and is likely much more sensitive to snow conditions than the multi-year ice of the past. Predicting Arctic climate requires that we understand snow on sea ice and its interactions and feedbacks among the rest of the climate system components. A particularly important aspect of snow on sea ice is its fine-scale spatial redistribution. Wind-driven snow redistribution into dunes and drifts controls thermal fluxes and melt pond formation, exerting considerable control over ice mass balance. This dataset contains automated weather station data collected at Elson Lagoon (71.346N 156.461W) near Utqiagvik, Alaska from November 2016-June 2017. The data collected captures basic met data and snow/ice accumulation and temperature measurements. The data observations include air temperature, barometric pressure, wind speed, downwelling and upwelling broadband shortwave and longwave radiation, snow accumulation, snow-ice interface temperature, vertical profiles of temperature through the air-snow-ice-ocean interface, and ice bottom growth.

积雪的隔热与反射特性对北极海冰的生长与消融具有显著影响。科学界已达成广泛共识：需在地球系统模型（Earth System models）中进一步优化积雪与海冰相互作用的细节表征，但当前积雪过程的基础数据仍缺乏精准量化。当前地球系统模型中对积雪的处理框架，大多基于多年冰野外实验的数据集，无法捕捉积雪属性与过程的动态变化。如今愈发普遍的年轻薄冰，其积雪覆盖特征与以往的多年冰截然不同，且对积雪条件的响应可能更为敏感。要精准预测北极气候，必须厘清海冰积雪及其与气候系统其他组分间的相互作用与反馈机制。海冰积雪的一个尤为关键的特征是其精细尺度的空间再分布过程：风驱积雪堆积形成沙丘与雪丘，这一过程调控热通量与融池的形成，进而对冰量平衡产生显著影响。本数据集包含2016年11月至2017年6月期间，在阿拉斯加州乌特恰维克（Utqiagvik）附近的埃尔森泻湖（Elson Lagoon，71.346°N，156.461°W）采集的自动气象站数据。所采集的数据涵盖基础气象参数、积雪与冰体积累量及温度测量结果，具体包括气温、气压、风速、下行与上行宽带短波及长波辐射、积雪积累量、雪-冰界面温度、空气-雪-冰-海洋界面的垂直温度剖面，以及冰底生长情况。