青藏高原多年冻土综合监测数据集（2002-2018）

青藏高原是陆地表面中低纬度地区多年冻土分布最为广泛的地区，大量研究表明，青藏高原多年冻土的存在和变化强烈影响着区域乃至全球的水文、生态和气候系统。但由于青藏高原高寒缺氧、生存条件恶劣、交通极不便利，数据资源非常贫乏，尤其是在极高海拔的多年冻土区，这种状态不仅严重地限制了对于该区域气候、环境和冻土等诸多方面的研究和理解，也严重限制了适应于该区域遥感反演算法的研发、各类陆面乃至于地球系统模型的模拟和改进，而且也限制了该区域经济发展和国家战略的规划。过去几十年，我们研究团队在青藏高原多年冻土区建立了综合观测网络，展开了对多年冻土地温、活动层水热以及气象因子的系统监测，形成了能够基本覆盖青藏高原高平面的、与多年冻土有关的多要素观测数据。本数据集包括在这一区域的6个自动气象观测站、12个活动层及84个钻孔长时间序列观测数据，主要观测要素包括气象（气温、降水、风速、比湿等）、土壤水热、活动层厚度及冻土温度等观测数据。各观测数据在收集和处理过程中都已经过了严格的质量控制。本数据集面向多学科背景的科学家发布（如：冰冻圈、水文学、生态学和气象科学等），将进一步促进青藏高原水文模型、陆面过程模型和气候模型的验证、发展和改进。

The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has the most extensive permafrost distribution among low- and mid-latitude terrestrial regions globally. Numerous studies have demonstrated that the presence and changes of permafrost on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau exert strong impacts on regional and even global hydrological, ecological, and climatic systems. However, due to the frigid, hypoxic environment, harsh living conditions, and extremely limited transportation infrastructure on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, data resources are severely scarce, especially in the permafrost regions at extremely high elevations. This situation has not only seriously restricted research and understanding of the region’s climate, environment, permafrost and other related fields, but also hindered the development of remote sensing inversion algorithms tailored for this area, the simulation and improvement of various land surface and even Earth system models, as well as the planning of regional economic development and national strategies. Over the past decades, our research team has established a comprehensive observation network in the permafrost regions of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and carried out systematic monitoring of permafrost ground temperature, active layer hydrothermal conditions, and meteorological factors, thus forming a multi-element observation dataset related to permafrost that basically covers the high-altitude plateau areas of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. This dataset includes long-term time-series observation data from 6 automatic meteorological stations, 12 active layer monitoring sites, and 84 boreholes in this region. The main observed variables include meteorological factors (air temperature, precipitation, wind speed, specific humidity, etc.), soil hydrothermal conditions, active layer thickness, and permafrost temperature, among others. All observation data have undergone strict quality control during the collection and processing stages. This dataset is released to scientists from diverse disciplinary backgrounds (e.g., "cryosphere science, hydrology, ecology, meteorological science, etc."), and will further promote the validation, development, and improvement of hydrological models, land surface process models, and climatic models for the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.