Knockdown resistance (kdr) genotypes and collection information for Aedes aegytpi from Iquitos, Peru (2000 - 2017)

This study describes the evolution of knockdown resistance (kdr) haplotypes in Aedes aegypti in response to pyrethroid insecticide use over the course of 18 years in Iquitos, Peru. Based on the duration and intensiveness of sampling (~10,000 samples), this is the most thorough study of kdr population genetics in Ae. aegypti to date within a city. We provide evidence for the direct connection between programmatic citywide pyrethroid spraying and the increase in frequency of specific kdr haplotypes by identifying two evolutionary events in the population. The relatively high selection coefficients, even under infrequent insecticide pressure, emphasize how quickly Ae. aegypti populations can evolve. In our examination of the literature on mosquitoes and other insect pests, we could find no cases where a pest evolved so quickly to so few exposures to low or non-residual insecticide applications. The observed rapid increase in frequency of resistance alleles might have been aided by the inco...

本研究描述了秘鲁伊基托斯市18年间，埃及伊蚊（Aedes aegypti）的击倒抗性（knockdown resistance，kdr）单倍型随拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂使用的演化历程。基于共计约10000份样本的采样时长与采样强度，本研究是目前为止针对城市内埃及伊蚊kdr种群遗传学最为全面的研究。通过鉴定该种群中的两次演化事件，我们证实了全市程序化拟除虫菊酯喷雾与特定kdr单倍型频率升高之间存在直接关联。即便面临较低频的杀虫剂选择压力，较高的选择系数也凸显出埃及伊蚊种群的演化速度之快。在我们梳理的蚊类及其他昆虫害虫相关文献中，尚未发现有害虫在如此少次接触低残留或无残留杀虫剂的情况下，演化出如此快速的抗性。本次观测到的抗性等位基因频率快速上升，可能得益于inco...