The First Britsh Accounts on Bali: race and civilisation

Abstract: This article deals with the first papers of two British historian-administrators on the Malay archipelago: Thomas Stanford Raffles and John Crawfurd. The interest of this article is to present the beginnings of the British ethnological accounts on the “races” of the world, through some works of these two authors, in particular the second one. As John Crawfurd also spread his thoughts on the races to other contexts than that of the Malay archipelago, his writings give us an overview of the geographical scale of the racist theories of the XIXth century. To analyze these accounts, frequently left aside in Brazilian academic circle, is important to broaden the discussion about the notion of human races in different times and contexts.

摘要：本文聚焦两位英国历史学家兼行政官员关于马来群岛（Malay archipelago）的早期研究论文：托马斯·斯坦福·莱佛士（Thomas Stanford Raffles）与约翰·克劳福德（John Crawfurd）。本文的研究旨趣在于，通过二人的相关著作——尤以第二位作者克劳福德的成果为核心——展现英国学界关于全球“人种”的民族志记述的发轫。鉴于约翰·克劳福德还将其关于人种的学术观点推广至马来群岛以外的诸多研究语境，其著作为我们完整呈现了19世纪种族主义理论的地理传播范围。对这些在巴西学术界常遭忽视的民族志记述展开分析，有助于拓展不同时代与语境下关于人类人种概念的学术讨论。