Caprine demineralized bone matrix (DBMc) in the repair of non-critical bone defects in rabbit tibias. A new bone xenograft

Abstract Purpose To evaluate the use of demineralized bone matrix of caprine origin in experimental bone defects of the tibia in New Zealand rabbits. Methods Fragments of the tibia diaphysis were collected aseptically from clinically healthy goats. The bones were sectioned into 1 cm fragments and stored at -20°C for subsequent hydrochloric acid (HCL) demineralization. A 70 mg portion of DBMc was used to fill the experimental bone defects. Twenty-four female adult New Zealand rabbits were divided into 2 groups: the MG (matrix group, left tibia) and CG (control group, right tibia). Additionally, they were separated into 4 groups with 6 animals, according to the period of analysis (15, 30, 60 and 90 days postoperatively). Using microCT, volumetric parameters were evaluated: bone volume, relationship between bone volume and total volume, bone surface area, relationship between bone surface area and total volume, number of trabeculae, trabecular thickness and trabecular separation. Results There was a statistically significant difference (P<0.05) between groups considering bone volume (BV) and bone:total volume (BV/TV), on 15, 30 and 90 days postoperatively. Control group showed a statistically significant superiority (P < 0.05) considering the mean of the variables bone surface (BS), number of trabeculae (Tb.N) and between bone surface and total volume (BS/TV) at 15 and 90 days. Conclusions Caprine demineralized bone matrix was safe and tolerable. No signs of material rejection were seen macroscopically. It is an alternative for the treatment of bone defects when autologous graft is not available or in insufficient quantities.

摘要
目的：评估山羊源脱钙骨基质（demineralized bone matrix of caprine origin, DBMc）在新西兰兔胫骨实验性骨缺损中的应用效果。
方法：无菌采集临床健康山羊的胫骨干骨段，将骨块切割为1 cm大小的片段，置于-20℃保存以用于后续盐酸（hydrochloric acid, HCL）脱钙处理。取70 mg该山羊脱钙骨基质填充实验性骨缺损。将24只成年雌性新西兰兔分为2组：基质组（MG，左侧胫骨）与对照组（CG，右侧胫骨）；同时根据术后分析时间点（15、30、60、90天）分为4个亚组，每组6只动物。采用显微计算机断层扫描（microCT）评估以下容积参数：骨体积（bone volume, BV）、骨体积与总体积之比（BV/TV）、骨表面积（bone surface area, BS）、骨表面积与总体积之比（BS/TV）、骨小梁数量（number of trabeculae, Tb.N）、骨小梁厚度以及骨小梁分离度。
结果：术后15、30及90天时，两组间骨体积（BV）及BV/TV存在统计学差异（P<0.05）。术后15及90天时，对照组在骨表面积（BS）、骨小梁数量（Tb.N）以及BS/TV的均值上表现出统计学显著性优势（P<0.05）。
结论：山羊源脱钙骨基质安全性良好且耐受性佳，肉眼未观察到材料排斥反应迹象。当自体移植物不可获取或数量不足时，该材料可作为骨缺损治疗的替代方案。