NOAA-GFDL GFDL-ESM4 model output prepared for CMIP6 AerChemMIP piClim-SO2

Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) datasets: These data include all datasets published for 'CMIP6.AerChemMIP.NOAA-GFDL.GFDL-ESM4.piClim-SO2' with the full Data Reference Syntax following the template 'mip_era.activity_id.institution_id.source_id.experiment_id.member_id.table_id.variable_id.grid_label.version'.

The GFDL-ESM4 climate model, released in 2018, includes the following components:
aerosol: interactive, atmos: GFDL-AM4.1 (Cubed-sphere (c96) - 1 degree nominal horizontal resolution; 360 x 180 longitude/latitude; 49 levels; top level 1 Pa), atmosChem: GFDL-ATMCHEM4.1 (full atmospheric chemistry), land: GFDL-LM4.1, landIce: GFDL-LM4.1, ocean: GFDL-OM4p5 (GFDL-MOM6, tripolar - nominal 0.5 deg; 720 x 576 longitude/latitude; 75 levels; top grid cell 0-2 m), ocnBgchem: GFDL-COBALTv2, seaIce: GFDL-SIM4p5 (GFDL-SIS2.0, tripolar - nominal 0.5 deg; 720 x 576 longitude/latitude; 5 layers; 5 thickness categories).
The model was run by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA (NOAA-GFDL) in native nominal resolutions: aerosol: 100 km, atmos: 100 km, atmosChem: 100 km, land: 100 km, landIce: 100 km, ocean: 50 km, ocnBgchem: 50 km, seaIce: 50 km.

Project: These data have been generated as part of the internationally-coordinated Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6; see also GMD Special Issue: http://www.geosci-model-dev.net/special_issue590.html). The simulation data provides a basis for climate research designed to answer fundamental science questions and serves as resource for authors of the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC-AR6).

CMIP6 is a project coordinated by the Working Group on Coupled Modelling (WGCM) as part of the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP). Phase 6 builds on previous phases executed under the leadership of the Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison (PCMDI) and relies on the Earth System Grid Federation (ESGF) and the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) along with numerous related activities for implementation. The original data is hosted and partially replicated on a federated collection of data nodes, and most of the data relied on by the IPCC is being archived for long-term preservation at the IPCC Data Distribution Centre (IPCC DDC) hosted by the German Climate Computing Center (DKRZ).

The project includes simulations from about 120 global climate models and around 45 institutions and organizations worldwide. - Project website: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/CMIP6.

耦合模式比较计划第六阶段（Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6，CMIP6）数据集：本数据集包含所有遵循`mip_era.activity_id.institution_id.source_id.experiment_id.member_id.table_id.variable_id.grid_label.version`完整数据参考语法模板发布的`CMIP6.AerChemMIP.NOAA-GFDL.GFDL-ESM4.piClim-SO2`相关数据集。

GFDL-ESM4气候模式于2018年正式发布，其组成模块如下：气溶胶模块采用交互式处理；大气模块为GFDL-AM4.1（采用立方体网格(c96)，名义水平分辨率为1度，经纬度网格尺寸为360×180，共49个垂直层，顶层气压为1 Pa）；大气化学模块为GFDL-ATMCHEM4.1（完整大气化学框架）；陆面模块为GFDL-LM4.1；陆冰模块为GFDL-LM4.1；海洋模块为GFDL-OM4p5（基于GFDL-MOM6，采用三极网格，名义分辨率0.5度，经纬度网格尺寸为720×576，共75个垂直层，顶层网格单元水深范围为0~2 m）；海洋生物地球化学模块为GFDL-COBALTv2；海冰模块为GFDL-SIM4p5（基于GFDL-SIS2.0，采用三极网格，名义分辨率0.5度，经纬度网格尺寸为720×576，共5个垂直层，涵盖5个海冰厚度分类）。

该模式由美国新泽西州普林斯顿市美国国家海洋和大气管理局地球物理流体动力学实验室（NOAA-GFDL）以原生名义分辨率运行：气溶胶模块100 km，大气模块100 km，大气化学模块100 km，陆面模块100 km，陆冰模块100 km，海洋模块50 km，海洋生物地球化学模块50 km，海冰模块50 km。

本数据集作为国际协调的耦合模式比较计划第六阶段（CMIP6；详见《地球科学模型开发》特刊：http://www.geosci-model-dev.net/special_issue590.html）的产出成果生成。该模拟数据可为解答核心科学问题的气候研究提供支撑，同时作为资源供政府间气候变化专门委员会第六次评估报告（IPCC-AR6）的撰稿人使用。

CMIP6由耦合模式工作组（Working Group on Coupled Modelling，WGCM）作为世界气候研究计划（World Climate Research Programme，WCRP）的组成部分协调推进。第六阶段继承了此前由气候模式诊断与比较计划（Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison，PCMDI）主导开展的多阶段研究工作，并依托地球系统网格联盟（Earth System Grid Federation，ESGF）、环境数据分析中心（Centre for Environmental Data Analysis，CEDA）及众多相关协作活动完成项目实施。原始数据托管并部分复现于分布式数据节点联盟，IPCC所依赖的多数数据将由德国气候计算中心（German Climate Computing Center，DKRZ）托管的IPCC数据分发中心（IPCC Data Distribution Centre，IPCC DDC）进行长期归档保存。

该项目汇聚了全球约120个全球气候模式与近45家科研机构及组织的模拟成果。——项目官网：https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/CMIP6。