National Health Interview Survey, 2006

The purpose of the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS)
is to obtain information about the amount and distribution of illness,
its effects in terms of disability and chronic impairments, and the
kinds of health services people receive. Implementation of a
redesigned NHIS, consisting of a basic module, a periodic module, and
a topical module, began in 1997 (see NATIONAL HEALTH INTERVIEW SURVEY,
1997 [ICPSR 2954]). The 2006 NHIS contains the Household, Family,
Person, Sample Adult, and Sample Child files from the basic module.
Each record in Part 1, Household Level, contains data on type of
living quarters, number of families in the household responding and
not responding, and the month and year of the interview for each
sampling unit. Part 2, Family Level, is made up of reconstructed
variables from the person-level data of the basic module and includes
information on sex, age, race, marital status, Hispanic origin,
education, veteran status, family income, family size, major
activities, health status, activity limits, and employment status,
along with industry and occupation. As part of the basic module, Part
3, Personl Level, provides information on all family members with
respect to health status, limitation of daily activities, cognitive
impairment, and health conditions. Also included are data on years at
current residence, region variables, height, weight, bed days, doctor
visits, hospital stays, and health care access and utilization. A
randomly-selected adult in each family was interviewed for Part 4,
Sample Adult, regarding respiratory conditions, use of nasal spray,
renal conditions, AIDS, joint symptoms, health status, limitation of
daily activities, and behaviors such as smoking, alcohol consumption,
and physical activity in addition to questions regarding stroke,
diabetes, arthritis, and weight control. Part 5, Sample Child,
provides information from an adult in the household on medical
conditions of one child in the household, such as respiratory
problems, seizures, allergies, and use of special equipment like
hearing aids, braces, or wheelchairs. Also included are variables
regarding child behavior, the use of mental health services, and
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), as well as responses
to the SDQ, the Strengths and Difficulties questionnaire on child
mental health. The 2006 data contain the Child Mental Health Brief
(CMB), Child Mental Health Services (CMS) and Child Influenza
Immunization (CFI) sections. Part 6, Injury/Poison Episode, is an
episode-based file that contains information about the external cause
and nature of the injury or poisoning episode and what the person was
doing at the time of the injury or poisoning episode, in addition to
the date and place of occurrence. Part 7, Injury/Poison Episode
Verbatim, contains edited narrative text descriptions of the injury or
poisoning, provided by the respondent. Imputed income files for 2006
are now available through the
NCHS Web site.

全国健康访谈调查（National Health Interview Survey, NHIS）的宗旨在于获取有关疾病的规模与分布、疾病对残疾与慢性机能障碍的影响，以及民众所接受的各类医疗服务的相关信息。经重新设计后的NHIS由基础模块、周期性模块与主题模块组成，其实施工作于1997年启动（详见《1997年全国健康访谈调查》[ICPSR 2954]）。2006年版NHIS包含基础模块下的住户文件、家庭文件、个人文件、样本成人文件与样本儿童文件。第一部分为住户层级，每条记录均涵盖居住类型、受访与未受访家庭户数，以及各抽样单元的访谈年月信息；第二部分为家庭层级，由基础模块的个人层级数据重构得到的变量组成，包含性别、年龄、种族、婚姻状况、西班牙裔族裔身份、受教育程度、退伍军人身份、家庭收入、家庭规模、主要活动、健康状况、活动受限情况与就业状态，同时涵盖行业与职业信息。作为基础模块的组成部分，第三部分为个人层级，涵盖所有家庭成员的健康状况、日常活动受限情况、认知障碍与健康病症相关信息，此外还包含当前居住年限、区域变量、身高、体重、卧床天数、就诊次数、住院时长，以及医疗服务可及性与利用情况相关数据。每个家庭中随机抽取的成人将接受第四部分样本成人的访谈，访谈内容包括呼吸系统病症、鼻腔喷雾使用情况、肾脏病症、艾滋病、关节症状、健康状况、日常活动受限情况，以及吸烟、饮酒与体育锻炼等行为习惯相关问题，同时涵盖中风、糖尿病、关节炎与体重控制相关议题。第五部分为样本儿童，由家庭中的成年受访者提供该家庭内一名儿童的相关健康信息，包括呼吸系统问题、癫痫、过敏，以及助听器、矫形器或轮椅等特殊设备的使用情况；此外还包含儿童行为、心理健康服务使用情况与注意缺陷多动障碍（Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, ADHD）相关变量，以及针对SDQ——即儿童心理健康优势与困难问卷（Strengths and Difficulties questionnaire）——的应答数据。2006年版数据包含儿童心理健康简报（Child Mental Health Brief, CMB）、儿童心理健康服务（Child Mental Health Services, CMS）与儿童流感免疫接种（Child Influenza Immunization, CFI）三个模块。第六部分为伤害/中毒事件，为基于事件的文件，涵盖伤害或中毒事件的外部诱因与性质、事件发生时当事人正在进行的活动，以及事件发生的日期与地点相关信息；第七部分为伤害/中毒事件逐字记录，包含由受访者提供的、经编辑处理的伤害或中毒事件叙述性文本描述。2006年的收入插补文件现已可通过国家卫生统计中心（National Center for Health Statistics, NCHS）官网获取。