Therapeutic targets for non-rheumatic valvular heart disease: a proteome-wide Mendelian Randomization

a comprehensive pQTL dataset of the human plasma proteome was utilized as exposure variables, and a proteome-wide MR analysis was conducted to identify plasma protein biomarkers linked to NRVD risk. Subsequently, the summary-data-based MR (SMR) and colocalization analyses were applied to enhance result reliability, and the safety of NRVD treatment targets was investigated through a phenome-wide association study (PheWAS).