Finnish Opinions on Security Policy and National Defence 2005

The annual survey charted Finnish public opinion on foreign policy, state security and defence policy, and military alliances. Respondents were asked how well Finland has managed its foreign policy, and what kind of military tasks should the country's armed forces undertake. One theme pertained to what kind of impact the following issues have on the security of Finland: EU or NATO membership of certain countries (e.g. the Baltic States, Eastern Europe, Sweden, Turkey), Finland's potential NATO membership, Finnish participation in the European Rapid Reaction Force, Russia's and EU's fight against terrorism, and Finland's neutrality. Respondents were also asked whether Finland should join NATO. Attitudes towards partnership cooperation between Finland and NATO were studied with questions pertaining to the Partnership for Peace programme, participation in crisis management operations led by NATO, and making equipment and command systems interoperable with those of NATO. For the first time, views were charted on whether the EU has the right to carry out a military intervention in an EU member state or a non-member state, and on what grounds (e.g. for humanitarian help or to prevent genocide). Respondents were also asked whether the EU's military intervention should be based on the decision made by the EU alone, or should it be based on a UN mandate. Opinions of Finland's defence expenditure were surveyed. Respondents were also asked which factors should be most important when deciding which Finnish garrisons to close down, and should Finland have a conscription army or a professional army. One topic covered possible future threats to Finland (e.g. climate change, Israel-Palestinian conflict, international terrorism and crime.) Further questions explored causes of terrorism, the impact of Finland's EU membership, and trust in the future of the EU. Background variables included the respondent's gender, age, economic activity, occupational status, marital status, household composition, age and number of children, level of education, household income, driving licence status, household ownership of certain consumer durables (car, television, holiday home, videos, computer, mobile or fixed-line phone, digital camera), province and region of residence, type and population of the municipality of residence, accommodation type, Internet and mobile phone use, who the respondent would vote for if the parliamentary elections were held at that time, and who in the household is responsible for household duties like shopping.

本年度调查旨在梳理芬兰民众在外交政策、国家安全与防务政策以及军事同盟领域的舆论倾向。调查对象需回答芬兰外交政策的实施成效，以及本国武装力量应承担何种军事任务。其中一项调研主题为以下议题对芬兰国家安全的影响程度：部分国家的欧洲联盟（EU）或北大西洋公约组织（NATO）成员国身份（例如波罗的海国家、东欧地区、瑞典、土耳其）、芬兰潜在的北约成员国身份、芬兰参与欧洲快速反应部队（European Rapid Reaction Force）、俄罗斯与欧盟的反恐行动，以及芬兰的中立地位。调查同时询问芬兰是否应当加入北约。针对芬兰与北约的伙伴合作态度，调查通过相关问题展开调研，涉及和平伙伴关系计划（Partnership for Peace programme）、参与北约主导的危机管理行动，以及推动本国装备与指挥系统与北约阵营实现互操作性。本次调查首次收集民众看法，议题包括欧盟是否有权对欧盟成员国或非成员国实施军事干预，以及干预的合法依据（例如人道主义援助或防止种族灭绝）。调查对象还需回答，欧盟的军事干预行动是否应仅以欧盟内部决议为依据，抑或需获得联合国（UN）授权。本次调查还收集了民众对芬兰国防开支的看法。调查对象同时需回答，在决定关闭哪些芬兰驻军基地时，哪些因素应作为首要考量标准，以及芬兰应当采用义务兵役制还是职业兵役制军队。另有一项调研主题涵盖芬兰可能面临的未来威胁（例如气候变化、以巴冲突、国际恐怖主义与跨国犯罪）。后续问题则探讨了恐怖主义的成因、芬兰加入欧盟的影响，以及民众对欧盟未来发展的信心程度。背景变量包括：调查对象的性别、年龄、经济活动状态、职业身份、婚姻状况、家庭结构、子女年龄与数量、受教育程度、家庭收入、驾照持有情况、家庭所持有的耐用消费品类型（含汽车、电视、度假住宅、录像机、计算机、移动/固定电话、数码相机）、居住省份与地区、居住市镇的类型与人口规模、住宿类型、互联网与手机使用情况、若当日举行议会选举的意向投票人选，以及家庭中负责采购等家务的成员。