Floristic diversity of epiphitic ferns and lycophytes of montane forest at Itatiaia National Park, Brazil

Abstract The Itatiaia National Park is located in southeastern Brazil, in the highest part of Mantiqueira Mountain Range. A large area of the Park is covered by a Dense Montane Rain Forest, being extremely rich in epiphytic species. The aim of this work was to recognize the species of ferns and lycophytes with higher density index and analyze the abundance of these plants in three elevation zones. It was established three sampling sites between 800 and 1200 m at intervals of 200 m. At each site were established 30 plots of 25m2. Phorophytes were considered natural sample unit of inventoried plants at base of their trunks (0-2 m high). Thirty-six species of epiphytic ferns and lycophytes distributed in 20 genera and nine families were found. The families with highest species richness were Aspleniaceae and Polypodiaceae. Campyloneurum lapathifolium, Mickelia scandens, Blechnum acutum, and Didymoglossum reptans were the most abundant species. The 800 m zone showed a higher diversity than the others.

摘要：伊塔蒂艾亚国家公园（Itatiaia National Park）坐落于巴西东南部的曼蒂凯拉山脉（Mantiqueira Mountain Range）最高区段，园区内大片区域被密集山地雨林覆盖，附生植物物种资源极为丰富。本研究旨在筛选出密度指数较高的蕨类与石松类植物，并分析这两类植物在三个海拔梯度带中的多度分布情况。研究团队于800米至1200米海拔范围内以200米为间隔设置3个采样点，每个采样点内布设30个面积为25平方米的样方。以附生植物宿主（Phorophyte）的树干基部（0至2米高度处）作为被调查附生植物的自然采样单元。本次调查共记录到隶属于20个属、9个科的附生蕨类与石松类植物共36种，物种丰富度最高的科为铁角蕨科（Aspleniaceae）与水龙骨科（Polypodiaceae）。多度排名靠前的物种包括Campyloneurum lapathifolium、Mickelia scandens、Blechnum acutum及Didymoglossum reptans。800米海拔带的植物多样性显著高于其余两个海拔梯度带。