Fast exploration is coupled with a less choosy but more reactive learning style in a generalist predator

The hypothesis of slow-fast syndromes predicts a correlation between personality type and learning style; fast explorers would have a more proactive (fast but inflexible) learning style whereas slow explorers would be more reactive (slow but flexible) learners.  Empirical evidence for this personality-cognition coupling remains inconclusive and heavily biased towards birds. Moreover, most studies did not examine the personality-cognition correlation when the cognitive task is discerning food quality, a scenario directly related to energy acquisition that underpins the evolution of slow-fast syndromes. In this study, we examined the exploration-cognition correlation in the context of avoidance learning in an opportunistic predator - the common sun skink Eutropis multifasciata. We quantified exploration tendencies of individuals in an unfamiliar environment and compared foraging behaviors when lizards associated prey color and taste during the initial learning trials and subsequent revers..., Please see main paper for details on data collection and analyses., , **Data from: Fast exploration is coupled with a less choosy but more reactive learning style in a generalist predator**

This study examined personality-cognition correlations in a generalist lizard predator, the common sun skink. We found that fast explorers were less choosy towards low-quality prey and modified their foraging behaviours more with the accumulation of information, whereas slow explorers exhibited the opposite learning style.

List of files:

boldness.csv: raw data from exploration trials

**id:** unique ID of the individual\
**sex:** sex of the individual\
**exp:** exploration trial number (1 = the 1st trial, 2 = the 2nd trial)\
**1stMove:** moving latency in seconds\
**cross:** time until first entering the exploration area in seconds\
**distanced_moved:** raw distance moved in the duration of a trial in unit of pixel\
**time_novel:** total time in seconds during which the lizard was in the exploration area\
**total_time:** total observation time in seconds\
**distance...

快慢综合征（slow-fast syndromes）假说提出，性格类型与学习风格之间存在关联：快速探索者会表现出更主动的（快速但刻板）学习风格，而慢速探索者则为更具反应性的（缓慢但灵活）学习者。
针对这一性格-认知耦合（personality-cognition coupling）现象的实证证据尚无定论，且研究样本严重偏向鸟类类群。此外，绝大多数研究未考察当认知任务为辨别食物品质时的性格-认知关联——这一场景直接关联能量获取，而能量获取正是支撑快慢综合征演化的核心因素。
本研究以机会主义捕食者、广食性蜥蜴——多线南蜥（Eutropis multifasciata）为研究对象，在回避学习（avoidance learning）的情境下考察了探索-认知关联（exploration-cognition correlation）。我们量化了个体在陌生环境中的探索倾向，并比较了蜥蜴在初始学习试验及后续反转试验（原文此处未完整展示）中，将猎物颜色与味觉线索建立关联时的觅食行为。详细的数据收集与分析方法请参见主论文。

**数据来源：《广食性捕食者中快速探索与低选择性但反应性更强的学习风格相耦合》**

本研究针对广食性蜥蜴捕食者多线南蜥开展了性格-认知耦合相关实验。结果显示，快速探索者对低品质猎物的选择性更低，且随着信息积累会更显著地调整其觅食行为；而慢速探索者则表现出完全相反的学习风格。

### 文件列表
`boldness.csv`：探索试验的原始数据
- **id**：个体唯一识别编号
- **sex**：个体性别
- **exp**：探索试验编号（1 = 第1次试验，2 = 第2次试验）
- **1stMove**：首次移动潜伏期（单位：秒）
- **cross**：首次进入探索区域的时间（单位：秒）
- **distanced_moved**：试验时长内的总移动距离（单位：像素）
- **time_novel**：蜥蜴在探索区域内的总停留时间（单位：秒）
- **total_time**：总观测时长（单位：秒）
- **distance...**（原文未完整展示）