Cystatin B, cathepsin L and D related to surrogate markers for cardiovascular disease in children

Objective: This study investigated potential associations between novel biomarkers for
cardiovascular disease and other surrogate markers for health.
Methods: Community sample of 170 (92 boys and 78 girls) children aged 8-11 years. Total fat mass (TBF) and abdominal fat (AFM) were measured by Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Total body fat was also expressed as percentage of total body mass (BF%), and body fat distribution was calculated as AFM/TBF. Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2PEAK), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) and pulse pressure (PP) were
measured. Echocardiography was performed. Left atrial size (LA) and left ventricular mass (LVM) were measured. A follow-up DXA scan was available in 152 children (84 boys and 68 girls). Frozen serum samples were analyzed for cystatin B, cathepsin L and cathepsin D.
Results: Partial correlations between cystatin B versus lnTBF, lnBF%, lnAFM, AFM/TBF,
VO2PEAK and PP were; r=0.38, 0.36, 0.38, 0.29, -0.25 and 0.25, P=0.001 or less for all. Weaker predominantly non-significant correlations were found for cathepsin L, whereas cathepsin D was not related to any surrogate markers for health. No significant correlations were found between biomarkers and change in body fat over 2 years.
Conclusion: Findings from this community-based cohort of young children show that
surrogate markers for cardiovascular disease such as total fat mass, percent body fat,
abdominal fat, body fat distribution, maximal oxygen uptake and pulse pressure were all associated with cystatin B. This was not found for cathepsin L or cathepsin D.

Purpose:

This study investigated potential associations between novel biomarkers for
cardiovascular disease (Cystatin B, cathepsin L and D9 and other surrogate markers for health.

Total fat mass (TBF) and abdominal fat (AFM) were measured by Dual-energy x-ray
absorptiometry (DXA). Total body fat was also expressed as percentage of total body mass (BF%), and body fat distribution was calculated as AFM/TBF. Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2PEAK), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) and pulse pressure (PP) were measured. Echocardiography was performed. Left atrial size (LA) and left ventricular mass (LVM) were measured. A follow-up DXA scan was available in 152 children (84 boys and 68 girls). Frozen serum samples were analyzed for cystatin B, cathepsin L and cathepsin D.

研究目标：本研究探讨了心血管疾病新型生物标志物与其他健康替代标志物之间的潜在关联。
研究方法：本研究纳入170名8~11岁儿童作为社区队列样本，其中男童92名，女童78名。采用双能X线吸收测定法（Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, DXA）测量总体脂量（Total fat mass, TBF）与腹部脂肪量（abdominal fat, AFM）。同时将总体脂量以体脂百分比（BF%，即总体脂占总体质量的百分比）表示，并通过AFM/TBF计算体脂分布情况。测量最大摄氧量（VO2PEAK）、收缩压（SBP）、舒张压（DBP）及脉压（PP）。开展超声心动图检查，测量左心房内径（LA）与左心室质量（LVM）。152名儿童（男童84名，女童68名）完成了DXA随访扫描。对冻存血清样本进行半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂B（cystatin B）、组织蛋白酶L（cathepsin L）及组织蛋白酶D（cathepsin D）的检测分析。
研究结果：半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂B与lnTBF、lnBF%、lnAFM、AFM/TBF、VO2PEAK及PP的偏相关系数依次为0.38、0.36、0.38、0.29、-0.25与0.25，所有关联的P值均≤0.001。组织蛋白酶L仅呈现较弱且多数无统计学意义的相关性，而组织蛋白酶D与所有健康替代标志物均无关联。未观察到生物标志物与2年内体脂变化存在显著相关性。
研究结论：基于社区的幼儿队列研究结果显示，总体脂量、体脂百分比、腹部脂肪量、体脂分布、最大摄氧量及脉压等心血管疾病替代标志物均与半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂B存在关联，但组织蛋白酶L与组织蛋白酶D未表现出此类关联。

研究目的：本研究探讨了心血管疾病新型生物标志物（半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂B、组织蛋白酶L及D9）与其他健康替代标志物之间的潜在关联。
总体脂量（TBF）与腹部脂肪量（AFM）采用双能X线吸收测定法（Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, DXA）进行测量。同时将总体脂量以体脂百分比（BF%，即总体脂占总体质量的百分比）表示，并通过AFM/TBF计算体脂分布情况。测量最大摄氧量（VO2PEAK）、收缩压（SBP）、舒张压（DBP）及脉压（PP）。开展超声心动图检查，测量左心房内径（LA）与左心室质量（LVM）。152名儿童（男童84名，女童68名）完成了DXA随访扫描。对冻存血清样本进行半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂B（cystatin B）、组织蛋白酶L（cathepsin L）及组织蛋白酶D（cathepsin D）的检测分析。