Spatial analysis of congenital malformations of the nervous system

Abstract Background The congenital malformation of the nervous system occurs during embryonic development. The territory can be a relevant factor and that knowledge is important in order to plan actions or interventions in public health. Objective Detecting spatial clusters of the congenital malformations of nervous system and characterizing them according to the data of the National Information System on Live Births. Method Ecological study using data from the National Information System on Live Births in the State of Paraíba in the period from 2014 to 2016. Spatial Incidence Ratio, Scan statistics and Friedman’s test were used for data analysis. Results In 2014 and 2016, spatial clusters dispersed across the State were observed. However, in 2015, there was a higher concentration of spatial clusters in the northwest of the state. Conclusion The spatial clusters detection can support managers to identify priority areas from children healthcare with congenital malformations of the nervous system.

摘要 背景
神经系统先天性畸形发生于胚胎发育阶段。地域因素是相关影响因素之一，掌握该类影响因素的相关知识，对于制定公共卫生领域的行动或干预策略具有重要意义。
研究目的
检测神经系统先天性畸形的空间聚集区，并基于全国活产信息系统（National Information System on Live Births）的数据对其特征进行刻画。
研究方法
本研究为生态学研究，采用2014年至2016年帕拉伊巴州（State of Paraíba）全国活产信息系统的相关数据开展分析；数据分析采用空间发病率比（Spatial Incidence Ratio）、扫描统计量（Scan statistics）以及弗里德曼检验（Friedman’s test）。
研究结果
2014年与2016年，该州境内观测到分散分布的空间聚集区；而2015年，空间聚集区则集中分布于该州西北部地区。
研究结论
空间聚集性检测可辅助公共卫生管理者识别神经系统先天性畸形患儿医疗照护的优先区域。