Role of traversing speed and axial load on the properties of friction stir welded dissimilar AA6101-T6 AND AA1350 aluminium alloys

Traditionally, AA6101-T6 and AA1350 aluminum alloys find prominent place in many industrial applications like electrical bus bar utilities for the sake of better conductivity. Friction Stir Welding is a non-traditional solid-state welding technique that was invented and developed by The Welding Institute. In this analysis, AA6101-T6 and AA1350 alloys have been put on experimentation with friction stir welding by varying axial load (5 kN to 9 kN) and traversing speed (60 mm/min to 120 mm/min). In order to examine the weld quality, properties such as tensile, wear and microstructural analyses have been carried out. From the results, it was observed that the weldment made with 7 kN axial load and 90 mm/min traversing speed exhibited better joint properties. Similarly, the weldment made with 5 kN axial load and 120 mm/min traversing speed exhibited poor joint properties. This has been attained due to the variations in heat input, metals softening and grain coarsening at weld nugget. Taguchi L₉ orthogonal array with ANOVA and Signal to Noise ratio have been adopted to understand the contribution of axial load and traversing speed on the properties of weldments. Results reveal that traversing speed is statistically significant on the properties of weldment, when compared to axial load.

传统上，AA6101-T6铝合金（AA6101-T6 aluminum alloy）与AA1350铝合金（AA1350 aluminum alloy）凭借优异的导电性能，在诸多工业场景中得到广泛应用，例如电力母线系统。搅拌摩擦焊（Friction Stir Welding）是一种非传统固态焊接技术，由焊接研究所（The Welding Institute）发明并发展。本研究针对AA6101-T6与AA1350铝合金开展搅拌摩擦焊试验，通过改变轴向载荷（5 kN至9 kN）与焊接行进速度（60 mm/min至120 mm/min）两组工艺参数开展研究。为评估焊接接头质量，本研究对试样开展拉伸性能、磨损性能及显微组织分析。试验结果表明，当轴向载荷为7 kN、行进速度为90 mm/min时，焊接接头的综合性能最优；而当轴向载荷为5 kN、行进速度为120 mm/min时，接头性能最差。该性能差异源于焊核区域热输入变化、金属软化及晶粒粗化程度的不同。本研究采用田口L9正交表结合方差分析（Analysis of Variance, ANOVA）与信噪比（Signal to Noise Ratio），探究轴向载荷与行进速度对焊接接头性能的影响权重。结果显示，相较于轴向载荷，焊接行进速度对焊接接头性能的影响具有统计学显著性。