Additional file 1 of Environmental differences explain subtle yet detectable genetic structure in a widespread pollinator

Additional file 1: Table S1. Microsatellite loci used in this work, with original locus names [127], the primer mixes they were assigned to, repeat units (motifs), size ranges, annealing temperatures (Tm), forward and reverse primer sequences (5’–3’) as well as information on null alleles and stuttering. Table S2. Basic population genetic statistics for each sampling location encompassing diploid (‘dpds’) and both haploid and diploid individuals (‘mpds’). N: number of individuals; NA: number of alleles; NE: number of effective alleles; AR: allelic richness, rarefied for seven individuals (k); uHE: unbiased expected heterozygosity; HO: observed heterozygosity. Observed heterozygosity values between ‘dpds’ and ‘mpds’ are largely congruent, as SPAGeDi, even though capable of working with mixed-ploidy data sets, does not include haploid individuals in calculating this metric. Table S3. Below the diagonal: Multilocus pairwise Fst values calculated with GenAlEx and based on a data set containing diploid individuals only. Above the diagonal: Corresponding FDR-corrected P values. Marginally significant Fst values and P values are indicated in bold. See Table S8 for population names. Table S4. Above the diagonal: Multilocus pairwise Fst values computed with polysat and based on a data set containing both haploid and diploid individuals. Below the diagonal: Corresponding bootstrap-derived upper 95% confidence intervals. See Table S8 for population names. Table S5. Above the diagonal: Multilocus pairwise Fst values calculated with polysat and based on a data set containing diploid individuals only. Below the diagonal: Corresponding bootstrap-derived upper 95% confidence intervals. See Table S8 for population names. Table S6. Discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC) result showing the assignment of individuals to clusters identified de novo. Table S7. Pearson correlation coefficients of environmental variables at population locations harbouring both haploid and diploid individuals. See Table S9 for the abbreviations used. Table S8. Populations sampled, including their abbreviations, locations, and the number of individuals. ‘cpds’: full data set after exclusion of full siblings and clones; ‘pop10’: ‘cpds’ after excluding populations with fewer than 10 individuals; ‘mpds’: mixed-ploidy data set encompassing both haploid males and diploid females; ‘dpds’: data set containing diploid individuals only. Table S9. Environmental variables used. Those in bold were retained after stepwise elimination with a variance inflation factor ≥ 10. Table S10. Resistance matrix derived from Circuitscape, where higher values indicate higher predicted resistance to inter-population dispersal. See Table S8 for population names.

补充文件1：表S1。本研究使用的微卫星位点（Microsatellite loci），包含原始位点名称[127]、所属引物混合液、重复单元（基序）、片段长度范围、退火温度（Tm）、正向及反向引物序列（5’–3’），以及无效等位基因和电泳拖峰相关信息。表S2。各采样位点的基础群体遗传学统计量，涵盖二倍体数据集（‘dpds’）以及单倍体和二倍体混合数据集（‘mpds’）。其中，N为个体数；NA为等位基因数；NE为有效等位基因数；AR为经7个个体（k）抽平标准化的等位基因丰富度；uHE为无偏期望杂合度；HO为观测杂合度。二倍体数据集与混合倍体数据集的观测杂合度结果基本一致，这是因为尽管SPAGeDi软件可处理混合倍体数据集，但在计算该指标时并未纳入单倍体个体。表S3。矩阵下三角：仅基于二倍体个体数据集、通过GenAlEx软件计算得到的多位点成对F统计量（Fst）值；矩阵上三角：对应的错误发现率（FDR）校正后的P值。边际显著的Fst值与P值以粗体标注。种群名称详见表S8。表S4。矩阵上三角：基于单倍体与二倍体混合个体数据集、通过polysat软件计算得到的多位点成对Fst值；矩阵下三角：自举法推导得到的95%置信区间上限。种群名称详见表S8。表S5。矩阵上三角：仅基于二倍体个体数据集、通过polysat软件计算得到的多位点成对Fst值；矩阵下三角：自举法推导得到的95%置信区间上限。种群名称详见表S8。表S6。主成分判别分析（Discriminant analysis of principal components, DAPC）结果，展示个体被归属到从头鉴定的聚类群的情况。表S7。同时存在单倍体和二倍体个体的种群采样点的环境变量皮尔逊相关系数。所用缩写详见表S9。表S8。采样种群信息，包含其缩写、采样地点及个体数。其中，‘cpds’为排除全同胞与克隆个体后的完整数据集；‘pop10’为‘cpds’中剔除个体数少于10的种群后的数据集；‘mpds’为涵盖单倍体雄性与二倍体雌性的混合倍体数据集；‘dpds’为仅包含二倍体个体的数据集。表S9。所用环境变量。粗体标注的变量为经方差膨胀因子≥10的逐步回归剔除后保留的变量。表S10。由Circuitscape软件推导得到的抗性矩阵，矩阵数值越高，表示种群间扩散的预测抗性越强。种群名称详见表S8。