Comparative reproductive ecology of Old and New World Trogons, an order in decline across the world

Many tropical species show declining populations. The pantropical order Trogoniformes has 76% of its species ranked as declining, reflecting a world-wide problem. Here we report on the reproductive ecology and life history traits of the declining and near-threatened old world Whitehead’s Trogon (Harpactes whiteheadi), the declining new world Collared Trogon (Trogon collaris) and the stable Masked Trogon (T. personatus). We also reviewed the literature on reproductive ecology and life history traits of trogons to assess possible commonalities that might help explain population declines. We found that the declining Whitehead’s and Masked Trogons had reasonable nest success (32% and 25%, respectively), while the stable Masked Trogon had poor reproductive success (9%), all contrary to population trends. However, the limited literature data suggested that poor reproductive success may be common among trogons, which may contribute to population declines. Parents fed young at a low rate and ha..., Whitehead’s Trogon was studied in Kinabalu Park, Sabah, Malaysian Borneo (6° 05'N, 116° 33'E), a 754 km2 protected area of primary forest. Research was conducted during the 2009–2020 breeding seasons from early February to mid-June. Seven study plots were established at elevations of 1,450–1,950 m. These plots were contiguously located and included ca. 560 ha, with each plot ca. 60–70 ha in size (Martin & Mouton, 2020).
Collared and Masked Trogons were studied in the northern Andes in Yacambú National Park, a 269 km2 area in Lara State, western Venezuela (9°38′N 69°40′W). The fieldwork was restricted to primary cloud forest habitat between 1400 and 2000 m, encompassing a similar elevation range to our study in Borneo. Data was collected during seven breeding seasons from 2002 to 2008 and from late February to early July. Research was conducted on seven study plots similar in size (ca. 60-70 ha) to those on the Borneo site (Martin and Mouton 2020). These trogons were not focal study ..., , # Data from: Comparative reproductive ecology of Old and New World Trogons, an order in decline across the world

[https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.hx3ffbgmg](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.hx3ffbgmg)

## Description of the data and file structure

#### WHTR INC Attentiveness.csv

Incubation attentiveness video data for Whitehead's Trogon.

Variables are as follows:
NID = Nest ID
Date = Date on which the nest was filmed.
Day = Day after start of incubation (start of incubation is day 0 on the day the last egg was laid).
Duration = duration in hours of the total video time at that nest on that Day
Sum_On = duration in hours of the total time an adult was on the nest incubating during the video
Percent_On = percent of the total daily video time (Duration) an adult was on the nest incubating.

#### WHTRBRDTFEED.csv

Video data of parental feeding and brooding behavior for Whitehead's Trogon.

Variables are as follows:
NID = Nest ID
Date = Date on which the nest was filmed.
Brood_Size = Number ...

诸多热带物种种群呈下降趋势。泛热带分布的咬鹃目（Trogoniformes）中有76%的物种种群被列为衰退类，这反映出一个全球性的生态问题。本研究针对种群衰退且近危的旧世界（Old World）白头咬鹃（Harpactes whiteheadi）、种群衰退的新世界（New World）领胸咬鹃（Trogon collaris）以及种群稳定的面罩咬鹃（T. personatus），报道其繁殖生态学与生活史特征。此外，本研究还梳理了关于咬鹃类繁殖生态学与生活史特征的相关文献，以评估可能存在的共性特征，助力解释种群衰退的成因。研究发现，种群衰退的白头咬鹃与面罩咬鹃的巢成功率较为可观（分别为32%与25%），而被认为种群稳定的面罩咬鹃繁殖成功率却较低（9%），这一结果与种群趋势完全相悖。不过，现有有限的文献数据表明，低繁殖成功率在咬鹃类中或较为普遍，这或许会推动种群衰退的发生。亲鸟育幼频率较低，且……

白头咬鹃的研究地点为马来西亚婆罗洲沙巴州的基纳巴卢公园（6°05'N，116°33'E，占地754平方千米的原生林保护区）。野外工作于2009至2020年的繁殖季开展，时间为每年2月初至6月中旬。研究共设置7个样地，海拔范围为1450~1950米，样地彼此相连，总面积约560公顷，单个样地面积约60~70公顷（Martin & Mouton, 2020）。

领胸咬鹃与面罩咬鹃的研究地点位于委内瑞拉西部拉拉州的亚坎布国家公园（9°38′N，69°40′W，占地269平方千米）的安第斯山脉北部区域。野外工作限定在海拔1400~2000米的原生云雾林生境中开展，该海拔范围与婆罗洲的研究区域相近。数据采集于2002至2008年的7个繁殖季，时间为每年2月末至7月初。研究同样设置7个面积约60~70公顷的样地，与婆罗洲样地规模相近（Martin and Mouton 2020）。此类咬鹃并非本研究的核心研究对象……

# 数据来源：新旧世界咬鹃的比较繁殖生态学——一个全球范围内衰退的类群

[https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.hx3ffbgmg](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.hx3ffbgmg)

## 数据与文件结构说明

#### WHTR INC Attentiveness.csv
白头咬鹃的孵化照料时长视频数据。变量说明如下：
NID = 巢箱编号
Date = 巢箱录制日期
Day = 孵化开始后的天数（孵化开始日为最后一枚卵产出当日，记为第0天）
Duration = 当日该巢箱的总视频录制时长（单位：小时）
Sum_On = 视频录制期间成鸟在巢中孵化的总时长（单位：小时）
Percent_On = 当日总视频时长中，成鸟在巢中孵化的时长占比（百分比）

#### WHTRBRDTFEED.csv
白头咬鹃亲鸟育幼与暖雏行为的视频数据。变量说明如下：
NID = 巢箱编号
Date = 巢箱录制日期
Brood_Size = 雏鸟数量……