Anchieta’s shadow: material culture and historical memory in museums, cities and landscapes

ABSTRACT This article seeks to analyze some artifacts and sites that were valued and preserved once they were associated with the figure of Father José de Anchieta (1533-1597). It aims to relate such objects and sites with the construction of Anchieta historical imagery under two main aspects: the hagiographic and the heroic, understanding the latter as his transformation into a major protagonist of an epic and nationalistic interpretation of Brazilian colonial history through the 19th and 20th centuries. Rather than the production of monuments and public events in his honor, it aims to focus on the musealization, or in situ preservation, of artifacts and sites in the São Paulo state supposedly associated with him. Therefore, these objects and sites are comprehended as fixators of his heroicized image in the present.

摘要：本文旨在分析那些与何塞·德·安谢塔神父（Father José de Anchieta，1533-1597）形象产生关联后，获得重视并得以留存的文物与遗址。本文将从两大维度——圣传叙事与英雄主义叙事——将此类文物与遗址与安谢塔的历史形象建构相联系，并将后者诠释为：在19至20世纪期间，他被塑造为巴西殖民历史史诗性与民族主义阐释的核心主角。相较于为其兴建纪念性建筑与举办纪念公共活动，本文的研究重点将聚焦于圣保罗州境内疑似与他相关的文物与遗址的博物馆化（musealization）或原位保存工作。因此，此类文物与遗址可被视为当下其英雄化形象的固化载体。