Data and code from: Error signals in the parvocellular division of the red nucleus, not the magnocellular division, drive adaptation in reaching

We examined the distinctive roles of the parvocellular (RNp) and
magnocellular (RNm) divisions of the red nucleus in motor control and
learning. RNp and RNm neurons encoded information on motor error (ME)
during the ongoing movement and/or visually apparent error (AE) after the
movement ended. Microstimulation of RNp, but not of RNm, induced a gradual
increase in error in the direction opposite to the preferred direction of
AE and ME. Interestingly, RNm neurons, in particular, encoded information
on AE from the preceding reaching movement before the next movement took
place. These results indicate that the RNp provides visual and ME signals
that drive trial-by-trial adaptation through modifications of the
cerebellum via the inferior olivary nucleus. Meanwhile, the RNm may
participate in online motor corrections based on ME signals or in
pre-movement adjustments based on the previous AE, processes that are
distinct from those of RNp.