COMMUNITY OF PRACTICE AND MENTAL HEALTH CARE: A SYSTEMATIC REVISION

Abstract Mental health care is dependent on qualified human resources to respond dynamically to the service users’ needs. This qualification by reflection on the work processes is essential for effective change to a community and biopsychosocial perspective. The Community of Practice is a theoretical framework that fosters collaborative learning through mutual engagement in common projects and negotiation of meanings. The research had as objective to systematize the use of Community of Practice for improving mental health care, by systematic review at Capes Portal and Virtual Health Library in March 2015. We found nineteen articles and nine of them were selected for analysis. The studies evaluated the Community of Practice as positive to improve the services offered to the population, provide training from experts, and implement new methods of work. They highlight weaknesses (financial resources, initial misalignment between the participants, group conflicts) and potentialities (real engagement of participants, virtual participation, access to specialists, integration of professionals, users and families in a single project; training needs in context). We expected to clarify possibilities for training and investigative strategies for continuing education in mental health.

摘要：精神卫生服务依托合格的人力资源，以动态适配服务对象的需求。而通过反思工作流程所形成的能力素养，对于向社区及生物-心理-社会视角（biopsychosocial perspective）的有效转型至关重要。实践共同体（Community of Practice）是一种理论框架，旨在通过共同参与项目、协商意义来促进协作式学习。本研究旨在通过2015年3月对CAPES门户及虚拟健康图书馆（Virtual Health Library）开展的系统综述，梳理实践共同体在改善精神卫生服务中的应用路径。本次检索共获取19篇相关文献，最终选取其中9篇进行分析。相关研究均证实，实践共同体对改善面向人群的服务、开展专家培训及推行新型工作方法具有积极作用。研究同时指出了实践共同体的局限性（如资金资源不足、参与者初始定位偏差、群体冲突等）与发展潜力（如参与者的真实参与、虚拟参与渠道、专家资源可及性、实现专业人员、服务对象与家属的项目协同，以及场景化培训需求识别等）。本研究期望阐明精神卫生继续教育领域的培训路径与研究策略方向。