Iauaretê, mais além: novas relações entre a cultura dos povos originários e “Meu tio o Iauaretê”, de João Guimarães Rosa

ABSTRACT This article proposes a stylistic analysis of João Guimarães Rosa’s “My uncle, the Iauaretê”, while seeking data in the culture of native peoples to establish nexus of meaning with the short story. Having as paradigm Walnice Galvão’s pioneer study “O impossível retorno” (The impossible return), in which she carries out a comprehensive survey of the presence of the jaguar in Amerindian culture and its relationship with Rosa’s text, we investigate other aspects of the mythology and life of some ethnicities, in the attempt to widen the interpretive horizon of the fictional text. To mediate and develop the discussion between the mythical and the literary, we use some points from the critical fortune of the short story, anthropology, the history of Brazil, literary theory and Freudian psychoanalysis.

摘要：本文针对若昂·吉马良斯·罗萨（João Guimarães Rosa）的短篇小说《我的舅舅亚瓦雷特》（My uncle, the Iauaretê）开展文体分析，并从原住民文化中挖掘相关资料，以建立该短篇小说与文本意义之间的联结。本文以瓦尔尼斯·加尔旺（Walnice Galvão）的开创性研究《不可能的回归》（O impossível retorno / The impossible return）为研究范式，该研究全面梳理了美洲豹在美洲原住民文化中的存在意涵及其与罗萨作品的关联；在此基础上，我们进一步考察了部分原住民族群的神话与生活风貌，以期拓展该虚构文本的阐释视野。为推进神话与文学间的研讨，本文借鉴了该短篇小说的批评接受史、人类学、巴西历史、文学理论以及弗洛伊德精神分析（Freudian psychoanalysis）相关理论成果。