VIRAL INFECTIONS: COMPREHENSIVE PATHOLOGICAL, CLINICAL,AND SYSTEMIC INSIGHTS INTO COVID-19

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), has become one of the most impactful viral pandemics in modern medical history. Although initially described as an acute respiratory illness, COVID-19 is now recognized as a systemic disease associated with immune dysregulation, endothelial injury, and multi-organ involvement. This review provides a comprehensive scientific analysis of COVID-19, focusing on virology, pathogenesis, pathological anatomy, clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, therapeutic strategies, and prevention. Particular emphasis is placed on morphological and molecular mechanisms underlying disease severity. Comparative tables are included to ensure compliance with international scientific journal standards.