Diversity of springtails (Collembola) in agricultural and forest systems in Southern Santa Catarina

Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of soil use on the morphological diversity of springtails and to verify the relationship of these organisms with soil physical, chemical, and microbiological properties. Samples were collected in the Southern region of Santa Catarina, involving three municipalities: Orleans, Lauro Müller, and Siderópolis, in the land use systems (LUS) of native forest (NF), Eucalyptus plantation (EP), pasture (PA), integrated crop-livestock (ICL), and no-tillage (NT). Soil samples to determine edaphic properties and pitfall traps were collected in winter and summer, in the same areas. The collected springtails were counted and morphotyped and the data were analyzed through abundance, Shannon-Wiener diversity (H') and Margalef index, Simpson dominance index (D), Pielou evenness index (J), morphotype richness, and Principal Components Analysis (PCA). Springtails morphotypes were influenced by the management conditions of each system, especially the impact of LUS on these organisms depends on the intensity of the forest/agricultural practices used, including crop rotation and soil preparation.

摘要：本研究旨在评估土地利用对弹尾虫（springtails）形态多样性的影响，并探明该类生物与土壤物理、化学及微生物学特性之间的关联。研究样本采自圣卡塔琳娜州南部区域，覆盖奥尔良、劳罗·穆勒与锡德罗波利斯三座市县，涉及原生林（native forest, NF）、桉树人工林（Eucalyptus plantation, EP）、牧场（pasture, PA）、农牧综合系统（integrated crop-livestock, ICL）以及免耕（no-tillage, NT）五种土地利用系统（land use systems, LUS）。分别于冬季与夏季在相同样区内采集土壤样本以测定土壤理化性质，并布设陷阱诱集弹尾虫。对采集得到的弹尾虫进行计数与形态分型，并通过多度、香农-威纳多样性指数（Shannon-Wiener diversity, H'）、玛格利夫丰富度指数、辛普森优势度指数（Simpson dominance index, D）、皮卢均匀度指数（Pielou evenness index, J）、形态型丰富度以及主成分分析（Principal Components Analysis, PCA）对实验数据开展分析。结果表明，弹尾虫形态型受各系统管理条件的显著影响，土地利用系统对该类生物的影响程度取决于所采用的林农实践强度，涵盖作物轮作与土壤耕作方式。