Data from: Discovery and characterization of single nucleotide polymorphisms in two anadromous alosine fishes of conservation concern

Freshwater habitat alteration and marine fisheries can affect anadromous fish species, and populations fluctuating in size elicit conservation concern and coordinated management. We describe the development and characterization of two sets of 96 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) assays for two species of anadromous alosine fishes, alewife and blueback herring (collectively known as river herring), that are native to the Atlantic coast of North America. We used data from high-throughput DNA sequencing to discover SNPs and then developed molecular genetic assays for genotyping sets of 96 individual loci in each species. The two sets of assays were validated with multiple populations that encompass both the geographic range and the known regional genetic stocks of both species. The SNP panels developed herein accurately resolved the genetic stock structure for alewife and blueback herring that was previously identified using microsatellites and assigned individuals to regional stock of origin with high accuracy. These genetic markers, which generate data that are easily shared and combined, will greatly facilitate ongoing conservation and management of river herring including genetic assignment of marine caught individuals to stock of origin.

淡水生境改造与海洋渔业活动可对溯河洄游鱼类类群造成影响，而种群规模波动则会引发保护层面的关注与协同管理需求。本研究针对两种原产于北美大西洋沿岸的溯河洄游西鲱科鱼类——美洲西鲱（alewife）与蓝背西鲱（blueback herring，二者统称为"河鲱"），开发并表征了两套各含96个单核苷酸多态性（single nucleotide polymorphism, SNP）检测体系。研究人员通过高通量DNA测序数据挖掘SNP位点，随后为每个物种开发了可对每套96个独立基因座进行基因分型的分子遗传检测体系。我们采用覆盖两个物种全部地理分布范围以及已知区域遗传种群的多个群体对两套检测体系进行了验证。本研究所开发的SNP分型组合可精准解析此前通过微卫星标记鉴定得到的美洲西鲱与蓝背西鲱遗传种群结构，并可将个体高精度归属至其来源区域种群。这类遗传标记所产生的数据易于共享与整合，将极大助力河鲱当前的保护与管理工作，包括将海洋捕捞个体通过基因分型归属至其来源种群。