PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND SPORTS PARTICIPATION ASSOCIATED WITH VIOLENCE IN ADOLESCENTS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

ABSTRACT The present study conducted a review of the literature that aimed to investigate the relationship between the practice of physical activity (PA) and sports with violence and aggression among adolescents. A structured search was conducted on three databases (PubMed, Web of Science and Scielo) using three fields for the population (adolescents), PA/sports and violence/aggression. Of the 618 studies identified, 555 were screened by the title and abstract, 63 had the full text screened and 24 were selected for inclusion and analysis. Most studies were cross-sectional (53%), and sample size varied between 210 and 71854 adolescents. Metrics of violence and PA/sports were very diverse. Of the 24 analyzed studies, six studies found no association between PA/sports and violence, eight found that PA/sports were a protective factor, and 15 found a positive relationship between PA/sports and violence. The findings suggest that PA/sports are related to higher exposition to conflicts, and aggressive behavior, which may escalate to other relationships amongst adolescents outside of the context of PA/sports. The type of PA practiced may play an important role in promoting conflicts, with team-based sports with direct conflict being more likely to promote aggressiveness compared to individual sports without direct conflicts.

摘要 本研究针对旨在探讨青少年体力活动（Physical Activity，PA）与体育运动实践和暴力、攻击行为之间关联的相关文献开展系统综述。研究通过设置研究对象（青少年）、体力活动/体育运动、暴力/攻击行为三个检索维度，在PubMed、Web of Science及Scielo三个数据库中开展系统性文献检索。初步检索共检出618项研究，其中555项通过标题和摘要完成初筛，63项获取全文进行复筛，最终纳入24项研究开展分析。纳入研究以横断面研究为主（占比53%），样本量跨度为210至71854名青少年。暴力行为与体力活动/体育运动的评估指标类型多样。在纳入分析的24项研究中，6项未发现体力活动/体育运动与暴力行为存在关联，8项认为体力活动/体育运动为保护性因素，另有15项则指出二者呈正相关关系。研究结果显示，参与体力活动/体育运动与更高的冲突暴露风险及攻击行为相关，且该关联可能延伸至青少年脱离体育运动场景后的其他社交关系中。所参与的体力活动类型在冲突诱发中可能发挥重要作用：相较于无直接对抗的个人体育运动，带有直接对抗属性的团队体育运动更易引发攻击行为。