Supra-nutritional Levels of Selected B Vitamins in Animal or Vegetable Diets for Broiler Chicken

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of supra-nutritional level of selected B vitamins in different types of diet on broiler performance. Two experiments were conducted using male and female one-day-old chicks (n=288 each; initial body weights in experiment I and II was, respectively, 47.57 ± 0.43, and 47.98 ± 0.31) reared in batteries up to 18 days. In experiment I, the chicks were fed a corn and soybean meal-based diet and, in experiment II, a diet containing oxidized animal by-product meals and soybean oil was used. Both experiments followed a completely randomized design in a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement, consisting of the factors: i) supplementation levels of selected B vitamins (control, 3- or 6-times control of the vitamins riboflavin, pantothenic acid, niacin, folic acid and vitamin B12); ii) dietary nutritional density (low or high), totaling 6 treatments and 8 replicates of 6 birds each (3 males and 3 females). As result of this study, in Exp. I, chicks showed higher weight gain (741.1 g vs. 697.3 g) and feed intake (920.2 vs. 878.5 g) when fed low-nutritional density diet with supra-nutritional vitamin level 6-times higher than the control. However, this effect was not found in the performance of chickens fed high-nutritional density diet. Despite the poor quality of the ingredients used in Exp. II, no statistical effect was shown of the use of vitamin super-dose in rations with different dietary nutrient density. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) was significantly improved for chickens fed high-nutritional density diet (1.191 vs. 1.246 in experiment I, 1.244 vs. 1.275 in experiment II, p<0.01). We conclude that birds fed a vegetable diet formulated with low-dietary density improved body weight (BW) and feed intake (FI) when receiving supra-nutritional levels of vitamins 6-times higher than the control.

摘要 本研究旨在评估不同日粮类型下，超营养水平的特定B族维生素对肉鸡（broiler）生产性能的影响。本研究开展两项试验，试验对象为1日龄公母雏鸡（每组各288只；试验I和试验II的初始体重分别为47.57±0.43和47.98±0.31），采用育雏笼饲养至18日龄。试验I中，雏鸡饲喂以玉米和豆粕为基础的日粮；试验II中，则采用含有氧化动物副产品粉与大豆油的日粮。两项试验均采用3×2因子安排的完全随机设计，因子包括：i）特定B族维生素的添加水平（对照组、3倍或6倍于对照组的核黄素（riboflavin）、泛酸（pantothenic acid）、烟酸（niacin）、叶酸（folic acid）及维生素B12（vitamin B12）添加量）；ii）日粮营养浓度（低营养浓度或高营养浓度），共计6个处理组，每个处理组设8个重复，每个重复6只鸡（3公3母）。试验结果显示，在试验I中，当雏鸡饲喂低营养浓度且维生素添加量为对照组6倍的日粮时，其增重（741.1 g vs. 697.3 g）与采食量（920.2 vs. 878.5 g）均更高。但该效应在饲喂高营养浓度日粮的肉鸡中未出现。尽管试验II所用原料品质较差，但在不同营养浓度日粮中添加超剂量维生素未表现出统计学显著性效应。饲喂高营养浓度日粮的肉鸡，其饲料转化率（Feed Conversion Ratio, FCR）显著改善（试验I中为1.191 vs. 1.246，试验II中为1.244 vs. 1.275，p<0.01）。综上，饲喂低营养浓度植物性日粮的肉鸡，在摄入6倍于对照组水平的超营养量维生素时，其体重（Body Weight, BW）与采食量（Feed Intake, FI）均得到改善。