Upper blepharoplasty: advanced techniques and adjunctive procedures

Various techniques of upper blepharoplasty are used to correct dermatochalasis as the common sign of aging in periorbital areas. Most patients seeking upper eyelid rejuvenation have other involutional changes in upper face which can be addressed as adjunct to upper blepharoplasty procedure to yield better esthetic and functional outcomes. The aim of the present study is to review current concepts in preoperative considerations, surgical techniques, and adjuvant procedures of upper blepharoplasty. The role of social media is also discussed in this arena. A literature search was performed in PubMed database of English-language journals with no restriction on the date of publication using selected keywords. The relevant articles were selected by reviewing the titles and abstracts. Careful preoperative examination of midface and upper face is necessary to assess concomitant ageing deformities besides dermatochalasis. Nowadays, volume preservation approach is the mainstream in upper blepharoplasty. Upper blepharoplasty incisions can be used to address lacrimal gland prolapse, blepharoptosis, Asian medial epicanthoplasty and eyebrow ptosis in selected individuals.

上睑成形术（upper blepharoplasty）的多种术式，用于矫正眶周区域（periorbital areas）老化的典型表现——皮肤松弛症（dermatochalasis）。多数寻求上睑年轻化治疗的患者，同时存在面部上部的其他退行性改变，可通过联合附加于上睑成形术的操作予以改善，以获得更优的美容与功能结局。本研究旨在综述上睑成形术术前评估要点、手术术式及辅助操作的当前研究进展与共识。本研究还探讨了社交媒体在该领域中的作用。本研究通过选定关键词，在PubMed数据库的英文期刊文献中进行检索，未对发表日期设置限制。研究人员通过审阅文献标题与摘要筛选相关文献。除皮肤松弛症外，还需细致检查面中部与面部上部，以评估伴随存在的老化畸形。如今，容量保留理念已成为上睑成形术的主流术式思路。针对特定人群，上睑成形术切口还可用于矫正泪腺脱垂（lacrimal gland prolapse）、上睑下垂（blepharoptosis）、亚洲人内眦成形术（Asian medial epicanthoplasty）及眉下垂（eyebrow ptosis）问题。