Crime and violences in São Paulo: theoretical-methodological retrospective, advances, limits and future perspectives

Abstract This article analyzes the relationships between crime, violence and cities, a traditional object of the social sciences and urban studies. With the city of São Paulo as the background and reported murders as the parameter, the article registers the evolution of vital and criminal records and questions the hypothesis that analyzes and explains crime distribution, in urban territories, based on the dualistic and binary logic between non-violent and violent neighborhoods, between center and periphery. Evaluating the stock of knowledge available in this field of study and discussing methodological issues related to the quality of the data that support analyses, the article proposes some methodological approaches that, today, can better explain crime distribution in a diversified and complex metropolitan fabric.

摘要：本研究聚焦犯罪、暴力与城市三者间的关联——这是社会科学与城市研究领域的经典研究对象。本研究以圣保罗市为研究背景，以已上报凶杀案件为核心观测指标，梳理了生命与犯罪记录的演变历程，并对基于非暴力社区与暴力社区、中心城区与边缘区域之间的二元对立逻辑，分析和解释城市地域内犯罪分布的研究假说提出了质疑。本研究在梳理该领域现有知识储备的基础上，探讨了支撑相关分析的数据质量相关的方法论议题，并提出了若干方法论路径，可在当下更好地阐释多元且复杂的大都市空间内的犯罪分布规律。