<b>Vampire bats and wild boars in northern Paraná: One Health perspectives on a novel report</b>

Since its introduction to the Americas in the early 20th century, the wild boar (<i>Sus scrofa</i>) has impacted Brazilian ecosystems and may have contributed to zoonosis transmission, especially the rabies. Their interactions with the common vampire bat (<i>Desmodus rotundus</i>) can expand the rabies transmission. The interaction between these species is poorly documented, particularly in São Francisco Forest State Park conservation unit, located in the north of Paraná. This study, carried out between 2021 and 2023, has used camera traps to record three interactions between <i>D. rotundus</i> and <i>S. scrofa</i>, highlighting a new route for the spread of zoonoses. Increased urbanization and forest fragmentation amplify the risk of rabies transmission to animals and humans. This report highlights the need for policies and strategies to control wild boar populations and monitor vampire bats to reduce the impact on public and environmental health in the region.自20世纪初传入美洲以来，野猪（Sus scrofa）已对巴西生态系统造成破坏，并可能推动了人畜共患病的传播，尤以狂犬病为甚。它们与普通吸血蝠（Desmodus rotundus）的互动会加剧狂犬病的传播。目前对这两个物种间的互作记录极为匮乏，尤其是在位于巴拉那州北部的圣弗朗西斯科森林州立保护公园这一保护地内。本研究于2021至2023年间开展，采用相机陷阱（camera traps）记录了3次普通吸血蝠（D. rotundus）与野猪（S. scrofa）的互动事件，揭示了一条全新的人畜共患病传播途径。日益加剧的城市化与森林破碎化，会进一步提升狂犬病向动物与人类传播的风险。本报告强调，亟需制定相关政策与防控策略，管控野猪种群并监测吸血蝠活动，以降低该区域公共卫生与生态健康所受的负面影响。