A multi-year road-feature dataset of ambulance operating speeds in Kraków, Poland

Ambulance operating-speed dataset for Kraków, Poland, and the surrounding processing area, covering 2021–2023. It provides aggregated, point-sampled speeds matched to directed road features derived from OpenStreetMap. The deposit contains six Parquet files: a road-feature base layer and four temporal profile tables (season, month, weekday, and time of day), plus a flat table of observed combinations. Profiles include travel- and running-speed summaries, sample counts, temporal and weather categories, travel direction, signal-state categories, and reference-speed provenance. The data support analyses of spatial and temporal variation in ambulance operating speeds. They do not represent complete journeys, travel times, or general traffic conditions. Raw trajectories, exact timestamps, source identifiers, patient information, and dispatch records are not included Road assignments are based on map matching and should be interpreted accordingly. OpenStreetMap-derived geometry and attributes remain subject to OpenStreetMap attribution and ODbL terms; weather categories are derived from Open-Meteo/ERA5 data.