Metabolite concentrations and pH in TA muscle measured by ³¹P MRS of lean and diabetic ZDF rats after 2 weeks of treatment with water or 30, 100 or 300 mg/kg body weight/day metformin (MET30, MET100 and MET300, respectively).

Data is represented as mean ± SD (n = 6 per group). At rest, pH was significantly lower and [Pi] was significantly higher in diabetic animals compared with lean animals, independent of treatment regimen (ANOVA: P<0.05). At the end of stimulation, pH was significantly higher in diabetic animals compared with lean animals, independent of treatment regimen (ANOVA: P<0.01). For end-stimulation [PCr], [Pi] and ΔPCr, the interaction between genotype and treatment was significant and a pairwise analysis of differences is provided by Bonferroni-corrected two-sided unpaired t-tests: * P<0.05 when compared with water-treated animals of the same genotype, # P<0.05, ## P<0.01 when compared with lean animals of the same treatment regimen, † P<0.05, †† P<0.01 when compared with MET30-treated animals of the same genotype.