Global Patterns of Fertilizer Application and Manure Production

Spatially explicit global fertilizer inputs of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) were produced by fusing national-level statistics on fertilizer use with global maps of harvested area for 175 crops (Monfreda et al., 2008). Spatially explicit global manure inputs of N and P were produced by fusing global maps of animal density (Wint and Robinson, 2007) and international data on manure production and nutrient content. National-level crop fertilizer application rates (kg/ha/yr/crop) of N and P in 88 countries were compiled by the International Fertilizer Industry Association (IFA) for FAO. Fertilizer use in the IFA database accounted for over 90% of global fertilizer consumption over the period 1994 to 2001. The crop harvest area and yield data were developed by synthesizing a rich subnational database of crop inventory statistics from around the world with a global map of cropland area for the year 2000 derived by merging satellite-based land-cover data with global subnational cropland inventory data (Ramankutty et al. 2008). The data are representative of the year 2000 and available at 0.5 degree spatial resolution in latitude by longitude. Livestock densities (head/km2) were multiplied by the area of each cell (km2) (=number of head per cell) and spatially aggregated to match a spatial resolution of 0.5 degrees. Data on national average nutrient excretion rates (kg N/head/yr and P/head/yr) for cattle, pigs, poultry, sheep, goats, and buffalo were applied. For more details, see Monfreda, C., N. Ramankutty, and J.A. Foley. 2008. Farming the planet: 2. Geographic distribution of crop areas, yields, physiological types, and net primary production in the year 2000, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 22, GB1022, doi:10.1029/2007GB002947; Ramankutty, N., A.T. Evan, C. Monfreda, and J.A. Foleyl. 2008. Farming the planet: 1. Geographic distribution of global agricultural lands in the year 2000. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 22, GB1003, doi:10.1029/2007GB002952; and Wint, G.R., and T.P. Robinson. 2007. Gridded livestock of the world: 2007. FAO, 132 pp.

本数据集通过将国家级化肥使用统计数据与175种作物的全球收获面积地图（Monfreda等人，2008年）相融合，生成了空间显式的全球氮（N）、磷（P）化肥投入量。全球氮、磷粪便养分投入量的空间显式数据，则通过将全球动物密度地图（Wint与Robinson，2007年）与国际粪便产量及养分含量数据相融合生成。国际肥料工业协会（International Fertilizer Industry Association, IFA）为联合国粮食及农业组织（Food and Agriculture Organization, FAO）汇编了88个国家的国家级作物氮、磷化肥施用率（单位：千克/公顷/年/作物）。1994至2001年间，IFA数据库收录的化肥使用量占全球化肥总消费量的90%以上。作物收获面积与产量数据通过整合全球各地丰富的省级以下作物统计库存数据库，与基于卫星土地覆盖数据和全球省级以下耕地库存数据融合得到的2000年全球耕地面积地图（Ramankutty等人，2008年）相结合构建而成。本数据集代表2000年的基准状态，空间分辨率为0.5度经纬度网格。将牲畜密度（单位：头/平方千米）乘以每个网格单元的面积（平方千米），得到单元内牲畜总头数，再进行空间聚合以匹配0.5度的空间分辨率。本数据集采用了牛、猪、家禽、绵羊、山羊和水牛的国家级平均养分排泄率数据（单位：千克氮/头/年、千克磷/头/年）。如需获取更多细节，请参阅以下文献：Monfreda, C., N. Ramankutty, and J.A. Foley. 2008. Farming the planet: 2. Geographic distribution of crop areas, yields, physiological types, and net primary production in the year 2000, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 22, GB1022, doi:10.1029/2007GB002947; Ramankutty, N., A.T. Evan, C. Monfreda, and J.A. Foleyl. 2008. Farming the planet: 1. Geographic distribution of global agricultural lands in the year 2000. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 22, GB1003, doi:10.1029/2007GB002952; and Wint, G.R., and T.P. Robinson. 2007. Gridded livestock of the world: 2007. FAO, 132 pp.