Obesity and kidney disease: hidden consequences of the epidemic

Abstract Obesity has become a worldwide epidemic, and its prevalence has been projected to grow by 40% in the next decade. This increasing prevalence has implications for the risk of diabetes, cardiovascular disease and also for Chronic Kidney Disease. A high body mass index is one of the strongest risk factors for new-onset Chronic Kidney Disease. In individuals affected by obesity, a compensatory hyperfiltration occurs to meet the heightened metabolic demands of the increased body weight. The increase in intraglomerular pressure can damage the kidneys and raise the risk of developing Chronic Kidney Disease in the long-term. The incidence of obesity-related glomerulopathy has increased ten-fold in recent years. Obesity has also been shown to be a risk factor for nephrolithiasis, and for a number of malignancies including kidney cancer. This year the World Kidney Day promotes education on the harmful consequences of obesity and its association with kidney disease, advocating healthy lifestyle and health policy measures that makes preventive behaviors an affordable option.

摘要 肥胖已成为全球性流行疾病，预计未来十年其患病率将增长40%。这一患病率的上升会对糖尿病、心血管疾病以及慢性肾病（Chronic Kidney Disease）的发病风险产生影响。高体重指数（Body Mass Index）是新发慢性肾病最强的危险因素之一。在肥胖个体中，机体为满足体重增加所带来的升高的代谢需求，会出现代偿性高滤过现象。长期而言，肾小球内压升高可损伤肾脏，并提升慢性肾病的发病风险。近年来，肥胖相关性肾小球病的发病率已增长10倍。此外，肥胖已被证实是肾结石病及包括肾癌在内的多种恶性肿瘤的危险因素。今年的世界肾脏日旨在普及肥胖的危害及其与肾病的关联相关知识，倡导通过健康生活方式与卫生政策措施，使预防行为成为可及的选择。