National Health Interview Survey, 2004

The purpose of the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS)
is to obtain information about the amount and distribution of illness,
its effects in terms of disability and chronic impairments, and the
kinds of health services people receive. Implementation of a
redesigned NHIS, consisting of a basic module, a periodic module, and
a topical module, began in 1997 (see NATIONAL HEALTH INTERVIEW SURVEY,
1997 [ICPSR 2954]). The 2004 NHIS contains the Household, Family,
Person, Sample Adult and Sample Child files from the basic
module. Each record in the Household-level File (Part 1) contains data
on type of living quarters, number of families in the household
responding and not responding, and the month and year of the interview
for each sampling unit. The Family-level File (Part 2) is made up of
reconstructed variables from the person-level data of the basic module
and includes information on sex, age, race, marital status, Hispanic
origin, education, veteran status, family income, family size, major
activities, health status, activity limits, and employment status,
along with industry and occupation. As part of the basic module, the
Person-level File (Part 3) provides information on all family members
with respect to health status, limitation of daily activities,
cognitive impairment, and health conditions. Also included are data on
years at current residence, region variables, height, weight, bed
days, doctor visits, hospital stays, and health care access and
utilization. A randomly-selected adult in each family was interviewed
for the Sample Adult File (Part 4) regarding respiratory conditions,
use of nasal spray, renal conditions, AIDS, joint symptoms, health
status, limitation of daily activities, and behaviors such as smoking,
alcohol consumption, and physical activity. The Sample Child File
(Part 5) provides information from an adult in the household on
medical conditions of one child in the household, such as respiratory
problems, seizures, allergies, and use of special equipment like
hearing aids, braces, or wheelchairs. Also included are variables
regarding child behavior, the use of mental health services, and
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) as well as responses
to the SDQ-EX, which is the extended version of Strengths and
Difficulties questionnaire on child mental health. Several changes
have occurred in the 2004 NHIS. The Child Immunization Section (CIM)
has been dropped. Also new in 2004, questionnaires have been provided
in both English and Spanish. The Injury/Poison Episode File (Part 6)
is an episode-based file that contains information about the external
cause and nature of the injury or poisoning episode and what the
person was doing at the time of the injury or poisoning episode, in
addition to the date and place of occurrence. The Injury/Poison
Episode Verbatim File (Part 7) contains edited narrative text
descriptions of the injury or poisoning provided by the
respondent. Imputed income files for 2004 are now available through
the NCHS Web site at www.cdc.gov/nhis.

国家健康访谈调查（National Health Interview Survey, NHIS）的宗旨在于获取关于疾病的规模与分布、其导致的残疾与慢性损伤效应，以及民众所接受的各类卫生服务类型的相关信息。
1997年，由基础模块、周期模块与主题模块构成的重新设计版NHIS正式启动实施（详见《1997年国家健康访谈调查》[ICPSR 2954]）。
2004年版NHIS涵盖基础模块中的住户、家庭、个人、样本成人与样本儿童文件。住户级文件（第1部分）的每条记录均包含抽样单元的居住类型、应答与未应答家庭数量，以及访谈的年月信息。
家庭级文件（第2部分）由基础模块的个人级数据重构变量构成，涵盖性别、年龄、种族、婚姻状况、西班牙裔族裔身份、受教育程度、退伍军人身份、家庭收入、家庭规模、主要活动、健康状况、活动受限情况与就业状态，同时包含行业与职业信息。
作为基础模块的组成部分，个人级文件（第3部分）收录了所有家庭成员的健康状况、日常活动受限情况、认知障碍与健康状况相关信息。此外还包含当前居住年限、区域变量、身高、体重、卧床天数、就诊次数、住院时长，以及医疗服务可及性与利用情况的数据。
每个家庭中随机抽取的成人将接受样本成人文件（第4部分）的访谈，内容涵盖呼吸系统疾病、鼻腔喷雾使用情况、肾脏疾病、艾滋病、关节症状、健康状况、日常活动受限情况，以及吸烟、饮酒与体育活动等行为习惯。
样本儿童文件（第5部分）由家庭中的成年受访者提供家庭内一名儿童的医疗状况信息，包括呼吸系统问题、癫痫、过敏，以及助听器、矫形器或轮椅等特殊设备的使用情况。此外还收录了儿童行为、心理健康服务使用情况、注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）相关变量，以及针对儿童心理健康的优势与困难问卷扩展版（SDQ-EX）的应答数据。
2004年版NHIS存在多项调整：儿童免疫接种板块（CIM）已被移除；2004年新增了英语与西班牙语双语问卷。
伤害/中毒事件文件（第6部分）为基于事件的文件，收录了伤害或中毒事件的外部原因与性质、事件发生时当事人正在进行的活动，以及事件发生的日期与地点信息。
伤害/中毒事件逐字记录文件（第7部分）包含受访者提供的经过编辑的伤害或中毒事件叙事文本描述。
2004年的收入补全文件现已可通过NCHS官网www.cdc.gov/nhis获取。