Fate and transport of compounds with estrogenic activity in reconstructed soil columns

ABSTRACT Endocrine disruptors (ED) are exogenous agents capable of deregulating the normal functioning of the endocrine system in humans and animals. The ED entry routes in the environment highlight the launch of domestic and agricultural wastewater in water bodies. This work aims to evaluate the occurrence, mobility and biosorption attenuation of hormones and antibiotics in soil columns in the application of agricultural and domestic waste and rain simulation. Soil columns, which were filled with soil from an agricultural area, were installed under the conditions of a swine wastewater application (ARS) at a dose of 50 m3/ha with and without the biosorbent effect and human urine at a rate equivalent to nitrogen compared with ARS. The estrogen concentrations were observed by High-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detector (HPLC-DAD), and the mass balance was developed to evaluate the estrogen removal in the soil profile. The occurrence of hormones in all analyses was approximately 20%. Pine bark adsorbent was found to be considerably efficient in removing hormones from liquid matrices. The mass balance of the soil columns with adsorbent exhibited an estrogen recovery in the matrix applied to less than a 1% rate. For comparison, the soil columns without adsorbent obtained a mass transit about 20% of the total applied.

摘要
内分泌干扰物（Endocrine disruptors, ED）是一类可扰乱人类与动物体内内分泌系统正常功能的外源性物质。该类物质的环境暴露途径主要为生活污水与农业废水向水体的排放。本研究旨在评估农业与生活废弃物施用及降雨模拟条件下，土壤柱中激素与抗生素的赋存、迁移及生物吸附衰减特性。实验采用取自农业区域的土壤装填土壤柱，设置两组废水施用处理：一组为施加剂量50 m³/ha的猪粪废水（ARS），另一组为施加与ARS氮当量相当的人尿；每组处理均分别设置添加生物吸附剂与不添加生物吸附剂的对照条件。采用高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测器（High-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detector, HPLC-DAD）测定雌激素浓度，并通过质量平衡法评估土壤剖面中雌激素的去除情况。所有分析样本中激素的检出占比约为20%。研究发现，松树皮吸附剂对液态基质中的激素具有显著的去除效果：添加吸附剂的土壤柱质量平衡结果显示，施用基质内的雌激素回收率低于1%；而未添加吸附剂的土壤柱的雌激素质量迁移率约为总施用量的20%。