Observation Evening meal

The Leiden Consortium on Individual Development (L-CID) study was founded by Marinus van IJzendoorn, Eveline Crone, Marian Bakermans-Kranenburg and Rutger Engels in 2013. It was developed as one of four work packages of the overarching Consortium on Individual Development (CID). The L-CID study is a large-scale longitudinal intervention study in which 500 families with same-sex twins are followed over a six year period. L-CID has a cohort-sequential design with two cohorts: an early childhood cohort (ECC), aged 3-4 at wave 1, and a middle childhood cohort (MCC), aged 7-8 at wave 1. Annual assessments consist of alternating lab- or home visits during which behavioral and neurobiological data are collected. The collected data allow, among others, for testing which child characteristics shape the effect of (manipulated) environmental factors. The aim of L-CID is twofold: 1. To investigate the development of social competence and behavioral control in children between 3 and 14 years old; 2. To dissect the reason why not all children are equally responsive to variations in the social environment.

莱顿个体发展研究联盟（Leiden Consortium on Individual Development, L-CID）由马里纳斯·范·伊岑多恩、埃夫琳·克龙、玛丽安·巴克曼斯-克兰嫩堡与拉特格·恩格斯于2013年发起创立，其作为综合性个体发展研究联盟（Consortium on Individual Development, CID）下设的四个工作包之一开发而成。L-CID是一项大规模纵向干预研究，将对500户育有同性别双胞胎的家庭开展为期六年的追踪随访。本项目采用队列序贯研究设计，包含两个队列：幼儿队列（early childhood cohort, ECC）在首轮随访时年龄为3至4岁，童年中期队列（middle childhood cohort, MCC）在首轮随访时年龄为7至8岁。年度评估采用交替开展的实验室与家庭访视模式，在此期间将收集行为学与神经生物学相关数据。所获取的数据可用于检验哪些儿童个体特征会调控经实验操控的环境因素的影响效应，除此之外还可支持其他多项研究方向。L-CID的研究目标兼具两点：其一，探究3至14岁儿童的社会能力与行为控制发展规律；其二，阐明为何并非所有儿童对社会环境变化的响应程度均存在差异。