Hematology and plasma biochemistry in rats fed with diets enriched with fatty fishes from Amazon region

OBJECTIVE: Rats fed diets enriched with fatty fish from the Amazon region had Hematology and plasma biochemistry analyzed. METHODS: Forty Wistar rats were divided into four groups: control group fed a standard diet; mapará group fed a diet enriched with Hypophthalmus edentatus; matrinxã group fed a diet enriched with Brycon spp.; and tambaqui group fed a diet enriched with Colossoma macropomum. After thirty days the rats had an red blood count and plasma biochemistry. RESULTS: Hematocrit and hemoglobin levels were higher in rats fed tambaqui and matrinxã than in those fed the standard diet of mapará. However, mapará increased cholesterol, especially low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. All fish-enriched diets reduced triacylglycerols. CONCLUSION: Diets enriched with fatty fish from the Amazon region reduce triacylglycerol and increase high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, especially the diet enriched with tambaqui. Tambaqui and matrinxã affected hematocrit and hemoglobin levels, but not mapará. Further research is needed to determine the benefits of diets enriched with fatty fish from the Amazon region.

研究目的：本研究以喂食亚马逊地区多脂鱼类强化饲料的大鼠为对象，对其血液学指标与血浆生化指标进行检测分析。
研究方法：选取40只Wistar大鼠（Wistar rat），随机分为4组：对照组喂食标准基础饲料；mapará组喂食添加钝吻无齿脂鲤（Hypophthalmus edentatus）的强化饲料；matrinxã组喂食添加Brycon属鱼类（Brycon spp.）的强化饲料；tambaqui组喂食添加巨脂鲤（Colossoma macropomum）的强化饲料。饲养30天后，采集大鼠血液进行红细胞计数及血浆生化指标检测。
研究结果：喂食tambaqui与matrinxã组饲料的大鼠，其红细胞比容（hematocrit）与血红蛋白（hemoglobin）水平均高于喂食mapará组饲料的大鼠。此外，mapará组饲料可升高血清胆固醇水平，尤其是低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（low-density lipoprotein cholesterol）与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（high-density lipoprotein cholesterol）。所有多脂鱼类强化饲料均可降低甘油三酯（triacylglycerols）水平。
研究结论：亚马逊地区多脂鱼类强化饲料可降低大鼠血浆甘油三酯水平并升高高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平，其中以tambaqui强化饲料的效果尤为显著。tambaqui与matrinxã强化饲料可影响大鼠红细胞比容与血红蛋白水平，而mapará组饲料则无此作用。未来仍需开展进一步研究，以明确亚马逊地区多脂鱼类强化饲料的健康获益。