Development and validation of an informative manual on venous thromboembolism for the lay population

ABSTRACT Objective To develop an informative manual on venous thromboembolism prevention for the lay population and to estimate evidences of content and face validity. Methods A methodological study conducted in three stages. The first stage was the preparation of the manual, followed by content validation with cardiovascular specialists who judged clarity, theoretical relevance and practical pertinence on a 4-point Likert scale. Items with a content validity index ≤0.75 were revised and re-evaluated. The last stage was the face validation by lay people, who were interviewed regarding item understanding and visual appearance. Items with more than 80.0% positive opinions were considered adequate. Results The manual was developed containing nine illustrations, definition of the disease, risk factors, signs and symptoms, and preventive measures. In the first assessment round, the validity index was 1.0 for the text of all sections, with suggestions for language adjustments. As to the illustrations, the validity indexes ranged from 0.67 to 1.0. In the second round, the validity index reached 1.0 for all items. A total of 40 lay people participated in the face validation, and all considered the paper type and font size appropriate, as well as the font used as readable; 97.5% were able to understand the information contained in the manual; 98.0% considered it esthetically beautiful; and 90.0% considered the reading not tiresome. Conclusion The informative manual on venous thromboembolism prevention was prepared, its content validated by experts, and considered appropriate by the lay population. These results suggest that the manual may be used as a preventive educational strategy for venous thromboembolism.

摘要

研究目的：开发面向普通民众的静脉血栓栓塞症（venous thromboembolism）预防科普手册，并评估其内容效度与表面效度的相关证据。

研究方法：本研究为分三阶段开展的方法学研究。第一阶段为手册的筹备编制；第二阶段邀请心血管专科医师开展内容效度评定，采用4级李克特（Likert）量表对内容的清晰度、理论相关性与实践适用性进行评分；内容效度指数≤0.75的条目需进行修订并重新评估。第三阶段为普通民众表面效度检验，通过访谈了解受试者对条目的理解程度与视觉观感；阳性认可度超过80.0%的条目视为合格。

研究结果：本研究最终编制的手册包含9幅插图，涵盖疾病定义、危险因素、体征与症状及预防措施。首轮评定中，所有章节文本的内容效度指数均为1.0，仅需对语言表述进行微调。插图的内容效度指数区间为0.67~1.0；经第二轮修订后，所有条目内容效度指数均达到1.0。本次表面效度研究共纳入40名普通民众，全部受试者认为手册的纸张类型与字体大小适宜、字体可读性良好；97.5%的受试者能够理解手册所载信息；98.0%认为手册外观美观；90.0%认为阅读过程无疲劳感。

研究结论：本研究成功编制静脉血栓栓塞症预防科普手册，经专家验证其内容效度合格，且获得普通民众的广泛认可。上述结果表明，该手册可作为静脉血栓栓塞症预防的科普教育策略。