Epidemiological study of bucomaxilofacial trauma in a Paraíba reference hospital.

ABSTRACT Objective: to study the epidemiological data of patients suffering from buccomaxillofacial trauma treated at a referral hospital in the State of Paraíba. Methods: we conducted a cross-sectional study of inductive approach, with a comparative statistical procedure and research technique by field direct documentation. The sample comprised hospital records obtained from January 2016 to December 2017 of patients attended by the Service of Buccomaxillofacial Surgery and Traumatology of this hospital, and consisted of 332 patients according to the study’s eligibility criteria. Two previously calibrated examiners collected and analyzed the data, both descriptively and inferentially. Results: males sustained the majority of facial trauma (83.1%), mainly in the third decade of life (32.2%). Motorcycle accidents were the most common etiology of trauma for both genders. In relation to inferential statistics with a margin of error of 5%, there was no significant association (p>0.05) between the genders and the trauma etiological factors. The bones of the nose (38.2%) were the most affected bones and the most frequent soft tissue injury was edema, in 50.9% of cases. Only 20.8% of the patients with bone fractures were polytraumatized. Conclusion: the victims of oral and maxillofacial trauma attended at our hospital are predominantly men in the third decade of life, involved in motorcycle accidents and sustaining lesions in the nose bones nose.

摘要 目的：研究帕拉伊巴州某转诊医院收治的口腔颌面创伤（buccomaxillofacial trauma）患者的流行病学资料。方法：本研究采用归纳法开展横断面研究（cross-sectional study），采用比较性统计分析方法及现场直接记录的研究技术。研究样本纳入2016年1月至2017年12月期间，于本院口腔颌面外科与创伤科就诊的患者住院病历，共纳入符合研究纳入标准（eligibility criteria）的患者332例。由2名预先经过统一校准的检查者完成数据收集与分析，分别采用描述性统计与推断性统计方法。结果：男性患者占面部创伤患者的绝大多数（83.1%），主要集中在30~39岁年龄段（32.2%）。摩托车交通事故是两性患者创伤最常见的致病原因。针对误差边际为5%的推断性统计分析显示，性别与创伤致病因素之间无显著统计学关联（p>0.05）。鼻部骨组织（38.2%）为最常受累的骨组织；最常见的软组织损伤为水肿，占所有病例的50.9%。合并骨折的患者中，仅20.8%为多发伤患者。结论：本院收治的口腔颌面创伤患者以30~39岁男性为主，多因摩托车交通事故致伤，且最常出现鼻部骨组织损伤。