Genomic analyses of the southern and eastern yellowjacket wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) reveal evolutionary signatures of social life

The evolution of sociality in insects represented a remarkable development in biological history. Social wasps are particularly noteworthy because they display gradations in social behaviors. Here, we sequence the genomes of two highly diverged Vespula wasps to gain greater insight into the evolution of sociality. Both V. squamosa and V. maculifrons Buysson (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) are highly social wasps and live in large colonies characterized by distinct caste systems. However, V. squamosa is a facultative social parasite, and V. maculifrons is its frequent host. We found that the genomes of both species were ~200 Mbp in size, similar to the sizes of congeneric species. Analyses of gene expression from members of different castes and developmental stages revealed similarities in expression patterns among immature life stages. Next, we found evidence of DNA methylation within the genome of both species directly from PacBio HiFi DNA sequence reads. Patterns of gene expression were corre..., Vespula squamosa and Vespula maculifrons transposable elements and methylation coverage files. Transposable element annotation generated from EDTA v2.1.0 and methylation analysis conducted in SeqMonk v1.48.1., , # Genomic analyses of the southern and eastern yellowjacket wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) reveal evolutionary signatures of social life

[https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.w6m905qxj](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.w6m905qxj)

## Description:

This repository contains the pipeline used for the study of two *Vespula* species. The pipeline includes scripts and tools for quality control, alignment, assembly, quantification, methylation, and differential expression analysis. Additionally, it provides scripts for genomic feature extraction and various visualizations. The transposable element (TE) files from EDTA (https://github.com/oushujun/EDTA) contain annotations of all TEs (TEanno.gff3.gz), intact TEs only (intact.gff3.gz), a library of reconstructed TEs (TElib.fa.gz), and a summary statistic of the TEs (TEanno.sum.gz). The collinearity files come from running OrthoVenn3 (https://orthovenn3.bioinfotoolkits.net) and contain orthodox comparisons between multiple species. The genome alignment fi...

昆虫社会性的演化是生物学史上极具标志性的重要发展。社会黄蜂（social wasps）尤为值得关注，因其展现出社会行为的梯度变化。本研究对两个高度分化的黄胡蜂属（Vespula）黄蜂基因组进行测序，以期更深入地解析社会性的演化机制。南方黄胡蜂（Vespula squamosa）与东部黄胡蜂（Vespula maculifrons Buysson，膜翅目：胡蜂科）均为高度社会性黄蜂，它们栖息于具有明确阶级分工的大型社群中，其中南方黄胡蜂为兼性社会寄生者，而东部黄胡蜂则是其常见宿主。
研究发现，两个物种的基因组大小均约为200兆碱基对（Mbp），与同属物种的基因组尺寸相近。对不同阶级及发育阶段个体的基因表达分析显示，未成熟生命阶段的表达模式具有相似性。此外，我们直接从PacBio HiFi DNA测序读段中，发现了两个物种基因组内存在DNA甲基化的证据。基因表达模式与……[原文截断]，本数据集包含南方黄胡蜂与东部黄胡蜂的转座因子（transposable element, TE）及甲基化覆盖度文件。转座因子注释由EDTA v2.1.0生成，甲基化分析通过SeqMonk v1.48.1完成。

# 南黄胡蜂与东黄胡蜂（膜翅目：胡蜂科）的基因组分析揭示社会生活的演化特征

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.w6m905qxj

## 数据集描述：
本数据集仓库包含本研究针对两种黄胡蜂属（Vespula）物种开展研究所使用的分析流程。该流程涵盖质量控制、序列比对、基因组组装、表达定量、甲基化分析及差异表达分析所需的脚本与工具。此外，还提供了基因组特征提取与各类可视化相关的脚本。
来自EDTA（https://github.com/oushujun/EDTA）的转座因子文件包含：所有转座因子的注释文件（TEanno.gff3.gz）、仅完整转座因子文件（intact.gff3.gz）、重构转座因子的文库（TElib.fa.gz）以及转座因子统计汇总文件（TEanno.sum.gz）。共线性文件由OrthoVenn3（https://orthovenn3.bioinfotoolkits.net）分析生成，包含多物种间的直系同源比较结果。基因组比对文件……[原文截断]