Hybrid choice modelling dataset for the effects of landscape-technology fit on public evaluations

We present stated preference data based on a national representative Swiss online panel survey for the preference of renewable energy infrastructure in landscapes. The data was collected between November 2018 to March 2019 using an online questionnaire and resulted on 1026 responses. The online questionnaire consisted of two main parts – (1) questions covering meanings related to landscapes, nature and renewable energy infrastructure, including the “fit” of landscape/REI combinations and (2) online choice experiment. While in the first part of the questionnaire we asked respondents about their personal connection to certain landscapes, to nature and to specific renewable energy infrastructures, we also asked them to evaluate the fitting of seven different Swiss landscapes (near natural alpine areas, northern alps, touristic alpine areas, agricultural plateau, urban plateau, jura ridges, urban alpine valley) with five different REI (wind, PV ground, PV roof, power lines) combinations. In the second part of the questionnaire, the stated choice experiment confronted respondents with 15 consecutive choice tasks, with each task involving a choice between two “energy system transformation” options and an opt-out option (none). Each choice option (beside the opt-out option) included four unlabeled attributes (landscape, wind energy infrastructure, photovoltaic energy infrastructure, high voltage overhead power line infrastructure) with varying levels. Due to data cleaning procedures (item nonresponse) the number of responses used within hybrid choice modelling and analysis was n=844 (12660 choice observations). An analysis of the hybrid choice model and further insights are presented in the article “How landscape-technology fit affects public evaluations of renewable energy infrastructure scenarios. A hybrid choice model.”

本研究提供基于具有全国代表性的瑞士在线面板调查（online panel survey）的陈述偏好数据（stated preference data），用于调研景观场景下可再生能源基础设施（renewable energy infrastructure, REI）的公众偏好。该数据集于2018年11月至2019年3月通过在线问卷收集，最终回收1026份有效回复。本次在线问卷包含两大核心模块：其一为涉及景观、自然与可再生能源基础设施相关内涵的问题，涵盖景观/可再生能源基础设施组合的适配性（fit）；其二为在线陈述性选择实验。在问卷第一模块中，调研人员首先询问受访者与特定景观、自然环境及具体可再生能源基础设施的个人关联程度，同时要求受访者评估7类瑞士典型景观与5类可再生能源基础设施组合的适配性：7类景观分别为近自然高山区域、北阿尔卑斯山区、旅游型高山区域、农业高原、城市高原、汝拉山脊（Jura Ridges）、城市高山河谷；5类可再生能源基础设施分别为风电、地面光伏（Photovoltaic, PV）、屋顶光伏（Photovoltaic, PV）、高压架空输电线路。在问卷第二模块中，陈述性选择实验要求受访者完成15组连续选择任务，每组任务均需在两个“能源系统转型”方案与一个弃权选项（opt-out option，无）之间做出抉择。除弃权选项外，每个选择方案均包含4个未标注属性，分别为景观、风电基础设施、光伏能源基础设施、高压架空输电线路基础设施，各属性下设不同层级。经过针对项目无应答情况的数据清洗流程后，最终用于混合选择模型（hybrid choice model）建模与分析的有效样本量为844份，对应12660条选择观测数据。关于该混合选择模型的分析及更多研究结论已发表于论文《景观-技术适配性如何影响公众对可再生能源基础设施场景的评价：混合选择模型》（"How landscape-technology fit affects public evaluations of renewable energy infrastructure scenarios. A hybrid choice model."）。