A Portable Photogrammetry Rig for the Reliable Creation of High-Quality 3D Artifact Models in the Field

3D modeling is becoming an increasingly utilized tool in archaeology. Currently, there are three principal ways of obtaining 3D models of objects: laser scanning, white light scanning, and photogrammetry. Photogrammetry is becoming increasingly popular since it is relatively inexpensive, mobile, and requires less equipment that has the possibility of malfunctioning. This poster presents a photogrammetry rig consisting of materials that can be obtained easily in the US. These include a kitchen turntable (lazy susan), 12" x 12" interlocking foam tiles, laminated mm paper to act as a scale, a black velvet background, and a camera and tripod. In addition, the use of rechargeable battery-powered LED lights means the rig can even be used in areas without direct access to electricity. Tips on taking photos (camera settings, etc.) are provided, along with explanations of ways to streamline and optimize photo and model processing using software including Adobe Photoshop / Gimp, Agisoft PhotoScan, and Meshlab / Geomagic. Limitations of this system, such as object size and raw material, are also discussed in the context of alternative scanning-based systems. Although this system may be used on a wide variety of artifact types, here particular emphasis is given to the modeling of lithic artifacts.

三维建模（3D modeling）现已在考古学领域得到愈发广泛的应用。当前获取实物三维模型的主流途径主要有三类：激光扫描、白光扫描与摄影测量法（photogrammetry）。摄影测量法因成本相对低廉、便携性强且所需易故障设备更少，正日益受到青睐。本学术海报介绍了一套摄影测量装置，其组成物料均可在美国便捷购得，包括厨房转盘（即懒转盘lazy susan）、12英寸×12英寸互锁泡沫地垫、覆膜毫米比例尺纸张、黑色丝绒背景布，以及相机与三脚架。此外，该装置采用可充电电池供电的LED照明设备，即便在无法直接接入市电的区域也可正常使用。本文还提供了照片拍摄技巧（含相机参数设置等内容），并讲解了如何借助Adobe Photoshop、GIMP、Agisoft PhotoScan、Meshlab及Geomagic等软件，精简优化照片与模型的处理流程的方法。同时，本文还结合其他基于扫描的替代方案，探讨了这套装置的局限性，如可扫描物体的尺寸限制与材质限制。尽管这套装置可适用于多种类型的考古文物，但本海报重点聚焦于石质文物（lithic artifacts）的三维建模工作。