Welfare Survey 1996

The survey charted Finnish perceptions of social security. Respondents were asked about the their own and spouse's/partner's job, length of the contract, employment sector, working hours, wages, the nature of their job, interest in job sharing and whether they or spouses/partners had been unemployed or laid off during the past three years. Interest in changing their economic activity (e.g. by taking a part-time job, retiring, founding an enterprise) was queried. Unemployed or laid off respondents were asked how long they had been out of work and how soon they expected to find a job. Further questions pertained to unemployment benefits, participation in job training and standard of living. State of health was examined by asking whether respondents had chronic illnesses or health problems affecting their everyday life or ability to work. Chronically ill persons were asked whether they needed regular medical care, rehabilitation or prescription drugs. Experiences of burnout, insomnia or absent-mindedness were charted. Social relationships were studied by asking about close relationships and frequency of contacts. Respondents were asked whether there had been any major changes in their life recently and did they feel they could influence their own life, other people and social issues. One topic covered voting in the 1994 presidential elections, in the 1994 EU referendum and in the 1995 parliamentary elections. The survey carried a set of attitudinal statements relating to e.g. social and health services, social security, public sector financing, means-tested social benefits, universal basic income (UBI, citizen's income), taxation and income disparity. The extent to which respondents felt able to control their life was surveyed by asking how often they felt uncertainty or indifference, felt their actions were meaningless or that their life was interesting. Confidence in their own ability to solve problems or co-operate with others was assessed. Values were charted by asking how important the following things are to the respondent: religion, religious values, political participation, health services, social services, work, nature, education opportunities, neighbourhood, consumer opportunities, culture, world peace, science and high standard of living. One topic covered household income, expenses and social benefits received. Further questions covered various aspects of housing (tenure, size, satisfaction with neighbourhood, expenses). Respondents' satisfaction with and changes in their standard of living were charted. Opinions on the minimum level of income support were canvassed. Finally, respondents were asked whether they felt poor or debt-laden. Background variables included respondents' sex, year of birth, marital status, household structure, basic and vocational education, respondents' and spouses' economic activity and occupation.

本调查旨在梳理芬兰民众对社会保障的认知情况。调研向受访者询问了其本人及配偶/伴侣的工作状况、合同期限、就业行业、工作时长、薪资水平、工作性质、对工作分担的兴趣，以及过去三年内本人或配偶/伴侣是否曾失业或被裁员。调研还询问了受访者改变自身经济活动模式的意愿，例如从事兼职、退休、创办企业等。针对曾失业或被裁员的受访者，调研进一步询问了其失业时长与预期求职周期。此外，调研涉及失业救济金申领、职业培训参与情况及生活水平。调研通过询问受访者是否患有影响日常生活或工作能力的慢性病或健康问题，考察其健康状态；针对慢性病患者，进一步询问其是否需要常规医疗护理、康复治疗或处方药。同时，调研记录了受访者的职业倦怠、失眠或心神恍惚等体验。在社会关系维度，调研询问了受访者的亲密关系状况及联系频率。调研还询问了受访者近期是否经历重大人生变故，以及是否认为自身能够影响个人生活、他人及社会事务。调研涵盖1994年总统选举、1994年欧盟公投及1995年议会选举的投票相关情况。调研包含一系列态度性陈述，涉及社会与医疗服务、社会保障、公共部门财政、经济状况调查式社会福利、全民基本收入（Universal Basic Income, UBI，公民收入）、税收及收入差距等议题。调研通过询问受访者感受不确定或漠然的频率、自身行动是否无意义、生活是否有趣，评估其对生活的掌控程度；同时评估了受访者对自身解决问题或与他人合作的能力信心。调研通过询问以下事物对受访者的重要程度，梳理其价值观：宗教、宗教价值观、政治参与、医疗服务、社会服务、工作、自然、教育机会、社区环境、消费选择、文化、世界和平、科学及高品质生活。调研还涵盖家庭收入、支出及领取的社会福利情况。进一步的问题涉及住房的多个维度，包括住房保有形式、住房面积、社区满意度及住房支出。调研记录了受访者对生活水平的满意度及其变化情况，并征集了其对最低收入保障标准的看法。最后，调研询问了受访者是否认为自身处于贫困或负债状态。调研的背景变量包括受访者性别、出生年份、婚姻状况、家庭结构、基础教育与职业教育情况，以及受访者及其配偶/伴侣的经济活动与职业。