POLARIS ER-2 Meteorological and Navigational Data

POLARIS_MetNav_AircraftInSitu_ER2_Data is the in-situ meteorological and navigational data collected during the Photochemistry of Ozone Loss in the Arctic Region in Summer (POLARIS) campaign. Data from the Meteorological Measurement System (MMS), ER-2 Nav Recorder (NavRec), Microwave Temperature Profiler (MTP), JPL Laser Hygrometer (JLH), and the Composition and Photo-Dissociative Flux Measurement (CPFM) are featured in this collection. Data collection for this product is complete. The POLARIS mission was a joint effort of NASA and NOAA that occurred in 1997 and was designed to expand on the photochemical and transport processes that cause the summer polar decreases in the stratospheric ozone. The POLARIS campaign had the overarching goal of better understanding the change of stratospheric ozone levels from very high concentrations in the spring to very low concentrations in the autumn. The NASA ER-2 high-altitude aircraft was the primary platform deployed along with balloons, satellites, and ground-sites. The POLARIS campaign was based in Fairbanks, Alaska with some flights being conducted from California and Hawaii. Flights were conducted between the summer solstice and fall equinox at mid- to high latitudes. The data collected included meteorological variables; long-lived tracers in reference to summertime transport questions; select species with reactive nitrogen (NOy), halogen (Cly), and hydrogen (HOx) reservoirs; and aerosols. More specifically, the ER-2 utilized various techniques/instruments including Laser Absorption, Gas Chromatography, Non-dispersive IR, UV Photometry, Catalysis, and IR Absorption. These techniques/instruments were used to collect data including N2O, CH4, CH3CCl3, CO2, O3, H2O, and NOy. Ground stations were responsible for collecting SO2 and O3, while balloons recorded pressure, temperature, wind speed, and wind directions. Satellites partnered with these platforms collected meteorological data and Lidar imagery. The observations were used to constrain stratospheric computer models to evaluate ozone changes due to chemistry and transport.POLARIS_MetNav_AircraftInSitu_ER2_Data 是夏季北极臭氧损耗光化学（Photochemistry of Ozone Loss in the Arctic Region in Summer，POLARIS）科考活动中采集的原位气象与导航数据。本数据集收录了气象测量系统（Meteorological Measurement System, MMS）、ER-2导航记录仪（ER-2 Nav Recorder, NavRec）、微波温度廓线仪（Microwave Temperature Profiler, MTP）、JPL激光湿度计（JPL Laser Hygrometer, JLH）以及成分与光解通量测量系统（Composition and Photo-Dissociative Flux Measurement, CPFM）的相关数据。该数据集的数据采集工作已全部完成。 POLARIS科考项目由美国国家航空航天局（NASA）与美国国家海洋和大气管理局（NOAA）联合发起，于1997年实施，旨在深入解析驱动夏季极地平流层臭氧损耗的光化学与大气输送过程。该科考活动的核心目标是全面理解平流层臭氧浓度从春季极高值到秋季极低值的变化规律。NASA ER-2高空侦察机是本次任务的主要搭载平台，同时辅以气球、卫星与地面观测站点。本次科考以阿拉斯加州费尔班克斯为基地，部分飞行任务从加利福尼亚州与夏威夷州出发。观测飞行时段覆盖夏至至秋分期间，作业区域为中高纬度地带。 本次采集的数据涵盖气象变量、用于解答夏季大气输送问题的长效示踪剂、选定的活性氮（NOy）、卤素（Cly）与氢（HOx）储库物种，以及气溶胶。具体而言，ER-2平台搭载了多种观测技术与仪器，包括激光吸收法、气相色谱法、非色散红外法、紫外光度法、催化法以及红外吸收法，用于采集一氧化二氮（N₂O）、甲烷（CH₄）、1,1,1-三氯乙烷（CH₃CCl₃）、二氧化碳（CO₂）、臭氧（O₃）、水（H₂O）与NOy等数据。地面站点负责采集二氧化硫（SO₂）与臭氧（O₃）数据，气球则记录气压、气温、风速与风向。与上述平台协同作业的卫星采集了气象数据与激光雷达（Lidar）影像。本次观测结果被用于约束平流层数值模型，以评估化学与输送过程引发的臭氧变化。