Development of Agaricus bisporus cultivation in Brazil: compost supplementation and use of hybrid strains

ABSTRACT The use of hybrids strains of known origin in mushroom cultivation is not very common in Brazil. Likewise, the practice of supplementation of compost is not applied. Supplementation of compost in mushroom cultivation consists in the addition at the end of Phase II composting process. The aim of the research is the evaluation of two doses of a commercial supplement of nutritious substances in two different hybrid mushroom strains. Two crop cycles were conducted. Yields are positively affected as a result of supplementation, significantly with the smooth white hybrid strain. This strain provides more fruiting bodies and higher yields than the large off-white hybrid type, but showed smaller mushrooms. Qualitative production parameters are not affected as a result of supplementation. This practice leads to moderate increases in the temperature of the compost during the vegetative growth phase. The results confirm the interest of supplementing the compost in order to improve the productivity.

摘要 在巴西，采用已知起源的杂交菌株开展蘑菇栽培的案例并不多见，堆肥补料的栽培方式也未得到广泛应用。所谓蘑菇栽培堆肥补料，指的是在堆肥二期发酵流程结束时添加营养补料。本研究旨在针对两种不同的蘑菇杂交菌株，评估两种施用剂量的商业化营养补料效果。研究共开展了两季栽培试验。结果显示，补料可对产量产生正向提升作用，其中光滑白色杂交菌株的产量提升效果最为显著；相较于大型米白色杂交菌株，该光滑白色杂交菌株可产生更多子实体、产量更高，但所结蘑菇的个体偏小。补料操作并未对栽培的质量参数造成影响。该补料方式会在营养生长阶段使堆肥温度出现适度升高。本研究结果证实，通过堆肥补料以提升蘑菇栽培生产力具备实际应用价值。