Identification of the immune enhancement effect of CpG ODN on periodontitis genetic vaccine by RNA sequencing

Periodontitis is one of the main causes of tooth loss in adults. Early diagnosis and intervention can effectively control the progression of periodontitis. The research group constructed a periodontitis genetic vaccine in the early stage and improved the immunogenicity of the body by adding CpG oligonucleotide (CpG ODN). The purpose of this study was to analyse the potential mechanism by which CpG ODN adjuvants enhance the preventive effect of periodontitis genetic vaccines at the molecular level by transcriptome sequencing and to screen out key genes and signaling pathways for follow-up research. Overall design: Nine 4- to 6-week-old male Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into 3 groups, namely, the blank group, pVAX1-HA2-fimA control group, and pVAX1-HA2-fimA + CpG ODN experimental group. At the 1st, 2nd, and 4th weeks, the rats were immunized by intranasal instillation, and three groups of rats were sacrificed at the 7th week. After total RNA was extracted from the spleen, RNA-seq library construction and sequencing were performed.