Effect of IL-1β on gene expression of human dermal fibroblasts

Fibroblasts display significant heterogeneity and exhibit distinct gene expression profiles under different cytokine stimulations. We utilized RNA-seq to analyze the expression profile differences between control and IL-1β stimulated fibroblasts（ n=3）. Our analysis revealed 1756 differentially expressed genes between WT and Smyd1-KO hearts [adjusted P-value <0.05, |log2(fold change)| > 0.5]. Among these, 755 genes were upregulated, and 843 genes were downregulated in IL-1β stimulated human dermal fibroblasts. Notably, IL-1β stimulation can induce fibroblast differentiation into pro-inflammatory fibroblasts, characterized by the expression of neutrophil-related chemokines (CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL3), ferroptosis-related genes (PTGS2, TNFAIP6), and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL6). Our findings lay the groundwork for understanding the IL-1β-induced fibroblast expression of specific gene profiles. Fibroblasts were treated with control or IL-1β (10 ng/mL) for 24 hours in 6-well plates. After discarding the supernatant and washing with PBS, RNA was extracted using Trizol and assessed for concentration and quality with a Nanodrop 2000 spectrophotometer. DESeq2 analysis identified significantly differentially expressed genes (DEGs) using Q value < 0.05 and fold change > 2 as thresholds.