ZCuPb20Sn5合金耐磨性能研究

ZCuPb20Sn5合金作为柱塞泵转子内衬材料，因其含铅量高，而具有良好的减摩耐磨性能，可避免转子在工作中的磨损失效问题. 选用销盘式摩擦磨损试验机，以ZCuPb20Sn5和45钢为摩擦副，研究了不同PV值和油润滑条件下，ZCuPb20Sn5合金的摩擦磨损性能. 结果表明：随着PV值的增加，ZCuPb20Sn5合金的摩擦系数先增加后减小，而磨损率呈增加趋势. 在载荷50 N和线速度2.410 m/s条件下，摩擦系数和磨损率最低，摩擦系数最低能达到0.010，平均摩擦系数达到1个最低峰值点0.063；在载荷250 N、线速度3.610 m/s以及PV值为126 MPa·m/s的条件下，摩擦系数达到另一低峰值0.070，磨损率为2.972×10−7 mm3/(N·m). PV值最大时，摩擦系数和磨损率最大. 载荷小于150 N时，在油润滑的作用下，主要磨损机制为轻微黏着磨损；载荷大于150 N时，在铅和油的协同作用下，以黏着磨损为主，少量磨粒磨损；当载荷大于250 N时，摩擦系数与磨损率均偏高，以磨粒磨损为主，局部有少量氧化磨损.

ZCuPb20Sn5 alloy, as the liner material for plunger pump rotors, exhibits excellent friction-reducing and wear-resistant properties due to its high lead content, which can effectively prevent wear failure of the rotors during operation. A pin-on-disc friction and wear tester was employed to investigate the friction and wear behavior of ZCuPb20Sn5 alloy under different PV values and oil lubrication conditions, with ZCuPb20Sn5 alloy and 45 steel serving as the friction pair. The results show that: as the PV value increases, the coefficient of friction (COF) of ZCuPb20Sn5 alloy first increases and then decreases, while the wear rate shows an upward trend. Under the conditions of 50 N load and 2.410 m/s linear velocity, the COF and wear rate reach their minimum values, with the minimum COF being 0.010, and the average COF reaching a minimum peak value of 0.063. Under the conditions of 250 N load, 3.610 m/s linear velocity and PV value of 126 MPa·m/s, the COF reaches another low peak value of 0.070, and the wear rate is 2.972×10^-7 mm³/(N·m). When the PV value reaches its maximum, both the COF and wear rate hit their peak values. When the load is less than 150 N under oil lubrication, the dominant wear mechanism is mild adhesive wear. When the load exceeds 150 N, under the synergistic effect of lead phase and lubricating oil, adhesive wear is dominant with a small amount of abrasive wear. When the load exceeds 250 N, both the COF and wear rate are relatively high, with abrasive wear as the dominant mechanism and occasional oxidative wear in local areas.