Nursing Guidelines on Cardiac Surgery and Parents’ Anxiety: Randomized Clinical Trial

Abstract Objective: The preparation of parents of children who should undergo cardiac surgery requires special treatment such as the explanations about the event. This study aims to compare the effects of standardized nursing guidelines with routine institutional orientation on the anxiety of parents of children undergoing cardiac surgery. Methods: Randomized clinical trial. The sample consisted of parents of children who underwent cardiac surgery from December 2010 to April 2011. Twenty-two parents were randomized to the intervention group (IG) and received the standard nursing guidelines and 22 participated in the control group (CG) and received the routine guidelines from the institution. Anxiety was assessed by the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) applied in the preoperative period, between 12 and 20 hours before surgery and before receiving standard or institutional guidelines and 48 hours after surgery. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) for repeated measures was performed to evaluate the differences between the variations in STAI scores between the groups during the studied period. The level of significance was 0.05. Results: There were no significant differences in baseline anxiety scores between groups with regard to trait anxiety as well as state anxiety: STAI-trait (CG 42.6±4.9 vs. IG 41.4±6.0, P=0.48); STAI-state (CG 42.3±5.7 vs. IG 45.6±8.3, P=0.18). Likewise, the variation in score after 48 hours was similar between groups (STAI-trait P=0.77; STAI-state P=0.61). Conclusion: There were no significant differences in the parents’ anxiety levels when comparing the two types of guidelines: the standard nursing and the institutional orientation.

【摘要】研究目的：针对拟接受心脏手术的患儿家长，需通过手术相关事项专项讲解等特殊方式开展术前沟通辅导工作。本研究旨在对比标准化护理指南与医院常规宣教对心脏手术患儿家长焦虑情绪的影响。研究方法：本研究为随机对照临床试验。研究样本纳入2010年12月至2011年4月期间接受心脏手术的患儿家长，将22名家长随机分配至干预组（intervention group, IG），接受标准化护理指南辅导；另22名家长分配至对照组（control group, CG），仅接受医院常规宣教指导。分别于术前12~20小时（即接受标准化护理指南或医院常规宣教前）以及术后48小时，采用状态-特质焦虑量表（State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, STAI）对家长的焦虑情绪进行评估。采用重复测量方差分析（analysis of variance, ANOVA）对比两组研究对象在研究周期内STAI评分的变化差异，检验水准设定为0.05。研究结果：两组基线焦虑评分无显著差异：特质焦虑维度（STAI-trait）评分分别为对照组42.6±4.9、干预组41.4±6.0（P=0.48）；状态焦虑维度（STAI-state）评分分别为对照组42.3±5.7、干预组45.6±8.3（P=0.18）。同样，术后48小时的评分变化幅度在两组间亦无显著差异（STAI-trait：P=0.77；STAI-state：P=0.61）。研究结论：本研究结果显示，标准化护理指南与医院常规宣教对心脏手术患儿家长的焦虑情绪影响无显著差异。